使用Kerlan-Jobe骨科诊所问卷评估女性青少年垒球投手的上肢功能状态。
Upper Extremity Functional Status of Female Youth Softball Pitchers Using the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Questionnaire.
作者信息
Holtz Kaila A, O'Connor Russell J
机构信息
Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
出版信息
Orthop J Sports Med. 2018 Jan 9;6(1):2325967117748599. doi: 10.1177/2325967117748599. eCollection 2018 Jan.
BACKGROUND
Softball is a popular sport with a high incidence of upper extremity injuries. The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) questionnaire is a validated performance and functional assessment tool used in overhead athletes. Upper extremity pain patterns and baseline KJOC scores have not been reported for active female youth softball pitchers.
PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of upper extremity pain and its effect in female youth softball pitchers over a competitive season. We hypothesized that participants who missed time due to injury in the past year would have lower KJOC scores.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
METHODS
Fifty-three female softball pitchers aged 12 to 18 years were recruited from softball clinics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. All participants self-identified as a pitcher on a competitive travel team. Participants were administered the KJOC questionnaire before and during the playing season. Missed time due to injury in the past year, current pain patterns, and KJOC scores were primary outcomes.
RESULTS
The mean (±SD) preseason KJOC score was 87.2 ± 10.6. In the preseason, 22.6% of pitchers reported playing with arm trouble, and 32.1% missed time due to injury in the past year. The mean KJOC score for pitchers reporting a previous injury (n = 17) was significantly lower compared with those without an injury (n = 36) (79.5 ± 13.8 vs 90.9 ± 6.2, respectively; = .02). The posterior shoulder was the most commonly reported pain location. For the cohort completing the questionnaire both before and during the playing season (n = 35), mean KJOC scores did not change significantly over the playing season ( = .64). Lower preseason KJOC scores were significantly related to the in-season injury risk ( = .016). Pitchers with a preseason score of less than 90 had a 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1-11.2) times greater risk of reporting an in-season injury.
CONCLUSION
Female youth softball pitchers have a high baseline functional status. However, 1 in 3 pitchers reported missed time due to injury in the previous year, and shoulder pain was more prevalent than elbow pain. The KJOC questionnaire can be used by coaches, researchers, and clinicians to identify youth softball pitchers at risk for injuries who may benefit from interventions.
背景
垒球是一项广受欢迎的运动，上肢损伤发生率较高。克尔兰 - 乔布骨科诊所（KJOC）问卷是一种经过验证的用于上肢运动运动员的表现和功能评估工具。目前尚未有关于活跃的年轻女性垒球投手的上肢疼痛模式和基线KJOC评分的报道。
目的/假设：本研究的目的是确定年轻女性垒球投手在上一个竞技赛季中上肢疼痛的患病率及其影响。我们假设在过去一年因伤缺赛的参与者的KJOC评分会更低。
研究设计
横断面研究；证据等级，3级。
方法
从加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华的垒球诊所招募了53名年龄在12至18岁之间的女性垒球投手。所有参与者均自我认定为参加竞技巡回赛球队的投手。在比赛赛季前和赛季期间对参与者进行KJOC问卷调查。过去一年因伤缺赛的情况、当前的疼痛模式和KJOC评分是主要观察指标。
结果
季前赛KJOC评分的平均值（±标准差）为87.2±10.6。在季前赛中，22.6%的投手报告在手臂有问题的情况下仍参加比赛，32.1%的投手在过去一年因伤缺赛。报告有既往损伤的投手（n = 17）的平均KJOC评分显著低于无损伤的投手（n = 36）（分别为79.5±13.8和90.9±6.2；P = 0.02）。后肩部是最常报告的疼痛部位。对于在比赛赛季前和赛季期间都完成问卷的队列（n = 35），整个比赛赛季的平均KJOC评分没有显著变化（P = 0.64）。较低的季前赛KJOC评分与赛季中的受伤风险显著相关（P = 0.016）。季前赛评分低于90分的投手报告赛季中受伤的风险高3.5倍（95%可信区间，1.1 - 11.2）。
结论
年轻女性垒球投手具有较高的基线功能状态。然而，三分之一的投手报告在过去一年因伤缺赛，且肩部疼痛比肘部疼痛更普遍。教练、研究人员和临床医生可以使用KJOC问卷来识别可能从干预措施中受益的有受伤风险的年轻垒球投手。
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