School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Apr;25(10):9461-9473. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1230-0. Epub 2018 Jan 20.
The objective of this research is to examine the relationship between transport energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emission (CO) from transport sector incorporating foreign direct investment and urbanization. This study is carried out in Pakistan by applying autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) and vector error correction model (VECM) over 1990-2015. The empirical results indicate a strong significant impact of transport energy consumption on CO emissions from the transportation sector. Furthermore, foreign direct investment also contributes to CO emission. Interestingly, the impact of economic growth and urbanization on transport CO emission is statistically insignificant. Overall, transport energy consumption and foreign direct investment are not environmentally friendly. The new empirical evidence from this study provides a complete picture of the determinants of emissions from the transport sector and these novel findings not only help to advance the existing literature but also can be of special interest to the country's policymakers. So, we urge that government needs to focus on promoting the energy efficient means of transportation to improve environmental quality with less adverse influence on economic growth.
本研究旨在探讨运输能源消耗、经济增长与运输部门的二氧化碳排放（CO）之间的关系，其中纳入了外国直接投资和城市化因素。本研究在巴基斯坦进行，使用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）和向量误差修正模型（VECM），时间跨度为 1990 年至 2015 年。实证结果表明，运输能源消耗对运输部门的 CO 排放有很强的显著影响。此外，外国直接投资也对 CO 排放有贡献。有趣的是，经济增长和城市化对交通 CO 排放的影响在统计上并不显著。总的来说，运输能源消耗和外国直接投资对环境并不友好。本研究的新实证证据提供了运输部门排放决定因素的全貌，这些新发现不仅有助于推进现有文献，而且可能引起国家政策制定者的特别关注。因此，我们敦促政府需要注重推广节能的交通方式，以改善环境质量，同时对经济增长的负面影响较小。
