Boyd Stephen J, Corbin William R
Department of Psychiatry.
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2018 Apr;26(2):168-176. doi: 10.1037/pha0000176. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Variability in subjective response (SR) to alcohol predicts drinking and the development of Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs). Although both alcohol pharmacokinetics (i.e., absorption and metabolism) and SR are impacted by aspects of the drinking situation (e.g., rate of consumption), relations between individual differences in pharmacokinetics and SR have received little attention. The current study examined the extent to which alcohol pharmacokinetics impact SR and drinking during a single alcohol administration session. A total of 119 (67% male) social drinkers were administered a dose of alcohol with a target blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08g%. The Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale was administered twice at matched ascending and descending limb BACs following alcohol consumption to assess SR. Pharmacokinetic properties (absorption and metabolism) were inferred using multiple BAC readings to calculate the area under the curve during the ascending limb (absorption) and descending limb (metabolism). Following completion of SR measures, an ad libitum taste rating task utilizing nonalcoholic beer was implemented to assess voluntary 'alcohol' consumption. Results indicated that participants who metabolized alcohol more quickly maintained a greater level of subjective stimulation on the descending limb. Faster metabolism was indirectly related to ad lib nonalcoholic beer consumption through greater maintenance of stimulant effects. Absorption did not significantly predict SR or within session drinking. The results increase understanding of SR variability and suggest that heightened stimulation that is sustained across limbs of the BAC curve may increase risk for excessive consumption. Individual differences in alcohol metabolism may be an identifiable biomarker of this high risk pattern of SR. (PsycINFO Database Record
对酒精的主观反应（SR）的变异性可预测饮酒行为及酒精使用障碍（AUDs）的发展。尽管酒精的药代动力学（即吸收和代谢）以及主观反应都会受到饮酒情境因素（如饮酒速度）的影响，但药代动力学个体差异与主观反应之间的关系却很少受到关注。本研究考察了在单次酒精给药过程中，酒精药代动力学对主观反应和饮酒行为的影响程度。共有119名（67%为男性）社交饮酒者接受了一剂目标血液酒精浓度（BAC）为0.08g%的酒精。在饮酒后，当血液酒精浓度处于匹配的上升和下降阶段时，两次使用双相酒精效应量表来评估主观反应。利用多次血液酒精浓度读数推断药代动力学特性（吸收和代谢），以计算上升阶段（吸收）和下降阶段（代谢）的曲线下面积。在完成主观反应测量后，实施一项使用无酒精啤酒的随意口味评分任务，以评估自愿的“酒精”摄入量。结果表明，酒精代谢较快的参与者在下降阶段能保持较高水平的主观兴奋感。更快的代谢通过更强地维持兴奋效应与随意饮用无酒精啤酒间接相关。吸收情况并不能显著预测主观反应或本次饮酒期间的饮酒量。这些结果增进了我们对主观反应变异性的理解，并表明在血液酒精浓度曲线各阶段持续存在的增强兴奋感可能会增加过度饮酒的风险。酒精代谢的个体差异可能是这种高风险主观反应模式的一个可识别生物标志物。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
