Winters Meghan, Branion-Calles Michael, Therrien Suzanne, Fuller Daniel, Gauvin Lise, Whitehurst David G T, Nelson Trisalyn
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2018 Jan 21;8(1):e019130. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019130.
Bicycling is promoted as a transportation and population health strategy globally. Yet bicycling has low uptake in North America (1%-2% of trips) compared with European bicycling cities (15%-40% of trips) and shows marked sex and age trends. Safety concerns due to collisions with motor vehicles are primary barriers.To attract the broader population to bicycling, many cities are making investments in bicycle infrastructure. These interventions hold promise for improving population health given the potential for increased physical activity and improved safety, but such outcomes have been largely unstudied. In 2016, the City of Victoria, Canada, committed to build a connected network of infrastructure that separates bicycles from motor vehicles, designed to attract people of 'all ages and abilities' to bicycling.This natural experiment study examines the impacts of the City of Victoria's investment in a bicycle network on active travel and safety outcomes. The specific objectives are to (1) estimate changes in active travel, perceived safety and bicycle safety incidents; (2) analyse spatial inequities in access to bicycle infrastructure and safety incidents; and (3) assess health-related economic benefits.
The study is in three Canadian cities (intervention: Victoria; comparison: Kelowna, Halifax). We will administer population-based surveys in 2016, 2018 and 2021 (1000 people/city). The primary outcome is the proportion of people reporting bicycling. Secondary outcomes are perceived safety and bicycle safety incidents. Spatial analyses will compare the distribution of bicycle infrastructure and bicycle safety incidents across neighbourhoods and across time. We will also calculate the economic benefits of bicycling using WHO's Health Economic Assessment Tool.
This study received approval from the Simon Fraser University Office of Research Ethics (study no. 2016s0401). Findings will be disseminated via a website, presentations to stakeholders, at academic conferences and through peer-reviewed journal articles.
在全球范围内，骑自行车被视为一种交通方式和促进民众健康的策略。然而，与欧洲的自行车出行城市（出行占比15%-40%）相比，北美地区骑自行车出行的比例较低（出行占比1%-2%），且呈现出明显的性别和年龄趋势。与机动车碰撞导致的安全问题是主要障碍。为吸引更多人骑自行车，许多城市正在投资建设自行车基础设施。鉴于这些干预措施有可能增加身体活动并提高安全性，从而有望改善民众健康，但此类结果在很大程度上尚未得到研究。2016年，加拿大维多利亚市承诺建设一个将自行车与机动车分隔开的连通基础设施网络，旨在吸引“所有年龄和能力的人”骑自行车。这项自然实验研究考察了维多利亚市对自行车网络的投资对积极出行和安全结果的影响。具体目标是：（1）估计积极出行、感知安全和自行车安全事故的变化；（2）分析获得自行车基础设施和安全事故方面的空间不平等；（3）评估与健康相关的经济效益。
该研究在加拿大的三个城市进行（干预城市：维多利亚市；对照城市：基洛纳市、哈利法克斯市）。我们将在2016年、2018年和2021年进行基于人群的调查（每个城市1000人）。主要结果是报告骑自行车的人群比例。次要结果是感知安全和自行车安全事故。空间分析将比较不同社区以及不同时间的自行车基础设施分布和自行车安全事故情况。我们还将使用世界卫生组织的健康经济评估工具计算骑自行车的经济效益。
本研究获得了西蒙弗雷泽大学研究伦理办公室的批准（研究编号：2016s0401）。研究结果将通过网站、向利益相关者的汇报、学术会议以及同行评审期刊文章进行传播。
