Virtual Reality, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Uberlândia, Brazil .
Telemed J E Health. 2018 Aug;24(8):614-620. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2017.0201. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
People with disabilities encounter many difficulties, especially when a diagnosis of more than one dysfunction is made, as is the case for visually impaired wheelchair users. In fact, this scenario generates a degree of incapacity in terms of the performance of basic activities on the part of the wheelchair user. The treatment of disabled patients is performed in an individualized manner according to their particular clinical aspects. People with visual and motor disabilities are restricted in independent navigation. In this navigation scenario, there is a requirement for interaction that justifies the use of virtual reality (VR). In addition, locomotion needs to be under natural control to be successfully incorporated. Based on such a condition, electroencephalography (EEG) has shown great advances in the area of health by employing spontaneous brain signals. This research demonstrates, through an experiment, the use of a wheelchair adapted to have the support of VR and EEG for training of locomotion and individualized interaction of wheelchair users with visual impairment. The objective was to provide efficient interactions, thus allowing the social inclusion of patients who are considered otherwise incapacitated. This project was based on the following criteria: natural control, feedback, stimuli, and safety. A multilayer computer rehabilitation system was developed that incorporated natural interaction supported by EEG, which activated the movements in the virtual environment and real wheelchair through adequately performed experiments. This research consisted of elaborating a suitable approach for blind wheelchair user patients. The results demonstrated that the use of VR with EEG signals has the potential for improving the quality of life and independence of blind wheelchair users.
残疾人会遇到很多困难，尤其是当一个人被诊断出患有多种功能障碍时，例如视力障碍的轮椅使用者。事实上，这种情况会导致轮椅使用者在执行基本活动方面出现一定程度的能力丧失。对残疾患者的治疗是根据其特定的临床方面进行个体化的。视力和运动障碍的人在独立导航方面受到限制。在这种导航场景中，需要交互才能证明虚拟现实（VR）的使用是合理的。此外，还需要进行自然控制的运动才能成功融入。基于这种情况，脑电图（EEG）通过利用自发脑信号在健康领域取得了巨大进展。这项研究通过实验展示了使用适应 VR 和 EEG 的轮椅来训练运动和视力障碍的轮椅使用者的个性化交互。目的是提供高效的交互，从而使被认为能力丧失的患者能够融入社会。该项目基于以下标准：自然控制、反馈、刺激和安全。开发了一种多层计算机康复系统，该系统结合了 EEG 支持的自然交互，通过适当的实验激活虚拟环境和真实轮椅中的运动。这项研究包括为盲人轮椅使用者患者制定合适的方法。结果表明，使用带有 EEG 信号的 VR 具有改善盲人轮椅使用者生活质量和独立性的潜力。
