DiBello Julia R, McGarvey Stephen T, Kraft Peter, Goldberg Robert, Campos Hannia, Quested Christine, Laumoli Tuiasina Salamo, Baylin Ana
Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
J Nutr. 2009 Oct;139(10):1933-43. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.107888. Epub 2009 Aug 26.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has reached epidemic levels in the Samoan Islands. In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2002-2003, dietary patterns were described among American Samoan (n = 723) and Samoan (n = 785) adults (> or =18 y) to identify neo-traditional and modern eating patterns and to relate these patterns to the presence of metabolic syndrome using Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The neo-traditional dietary pattern, similar across both polities, was characterized by high intake of local foods, including crab/lobster, coconut products, and taro, and low intake of processed foods, including potato chips and soda. The modern pattern, also similar across both polities, was characterized by high intake of processed foods such as rice, potato chips, cake, and pancakes and low intake of local foods. The neo-traditional dietary pattern was associated with significantly higher serum HDL-cholesterol in American Samoa (P-trend = 0.05) and a decrease in abdominal circumference in American Samoa and Samoa (P-trend = 0.004 and 0.01, respectively). An inverse association was found with metabolic syndrome, although it did not reach significance (P = 0.23 in American Samoa; P = 0.13 in Samoa). The modern pattern was significantly positively associated with metabolic syndrome in Samoa (prevalence ratio = 1.21 for the fifth compared with first quintile; 95% CI: 0.93.1.57; P-trend = 0.05) and with increased serum triglyceride levels in both polities (P < 0.05). Reduced intake of processed foods high in refined grains and adherence to a neo-traditional eating pattern characterized by plant-based fiber, seafood, and coconut products may help to prevent growth in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Samoan islands.
代谢综合征在萨摩亚群岛已达到流行程度。在2002年至2003年进行的这项横断面研究中，描述了美属萨摩亚（n = 723）和萨摩亚（n = 785）18岁及以上成年人的饮食模式，以识别新传统和现代饮食模式，并使用成人治疗小组III标准将这些模式与代谢综合征的存在相关联。新传统饮食模式在两个政治实体中相似，其特点是当地食物摄入量高，包括螃蟹/龙虾、椰子制品和芋头，加工食品摄入量低，包括薯片和苏打水。现代模式在两个政治实体中也相似，其特点是加工食品摄入量高，如大米、薯片、蛋糕和薄煎饼，当地食物摄入量低。新传统饮食模式与美属萨摩亚血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高相关（P趋势 = 0.05），与美属萨摩亚和萨摩亚的腹围减小相关（P趋势分别为0.004和0.01）。发现与代谢综合征呈负相关，尽管未达到显著水平（美属萨摩亚P = 0.23；萨摩亚P = 0.13）。现代模式与萨摩亚的代谢综合征显著正相关（与第一五分位数相比，第五五分位数的患病率比 = 1.21；95%CI：0.93，1.57；P趋势 = 0.05），并且与两个政治实体的血清甘油三酯水平升高相关（P < 0.05）。减少精制谷物含量高的加工食品的摄入量，并坚持以植物性纤维、海鲜和椰子制品为特征的新传统饮食模式，可能有助于预防萨摩亚群岛代谢综合征患病率的上升。
