Ogueta-Alday Ana, Morante Juan Carlos, Gómez-Molina Josué, García-López Juan
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (FCAFD), University of León, León, Spain.
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 24;13(1):e0191688. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191688. eCollection 2018.
This study aimed to identify the similarities and differences among half-marathon runners in relation to their performance level. Forty-eight male runners were classified into 4 groups according to their performance level in a half-marathon (min): Group 1 (n = 11, < 70 min), Group 2 (n = 13, < 80 min), Group 3 (n = 13, < 90 min), Group 4 (n = 11, < 105 min). In two separate sessions, training-related, anthropometric, physiological, foot strike pattern and spatio-temporal variables were recorded. Significant differences (p<0.05) between groups (ES = 0.55-3.16) and correlations with performance were obtained (r = 0.34-0.92) in training-related (experience and running distance per week), anthropometric (mass, body mass index and sum of 6 skinfolds), physiological (VO2max, RCT and running economy), foot strike pattern and spatio-temporal variables (contact time, step rate and length). At standardized submaximal speeds (11, 13 and 15 km·h-1), no significant differences between groups were observed in step rate and length, neither in contact time when foot strike pattern was taken into account. In conclusion, apart from training-related, anthropometric and physiological variables, foot strike pattern and step length were the only biomechanical variables sensitive to half-marathon performance, which are essential to achieve high running speeds. However, when foot strike pattern and running speeds were controlled (submaximal test), the spatio-temporal variables were similar. This indicates that foot strike pattern and running speed are responsible for spatio-temporal differences among runners of different performance level.
本研究旨在确定半程马拉松跑者在表现水平方面的异同。48名男性跑者根据他们在半程马拉松中的表现水平(分钟)被分为4组:第1组(n = 11,< 70分钟),第2组(n = 13,< 80分钟),第3组(n = 13,< 90分钟),第4组(n = 11,< 105分钟)。在两个独立的环节中,记录了与训练相关、人体测量、生理、着地方式以及时空变量。在与训练相关的因素(经验和每周跑步距离)、人体测量因素(体重、身体质量指数和6处皮褶厚度之和)、生理因素(最大摄氧量、跑步经济性和跑步效率)、着地方式以及时空变量(接触时间、步频和步长)方面,组间存在显著差异(p<0.05)(效应量 = 0.55 - 3.16),并且与表现存在相关性(r = 0.34 - 0.92)。在标准化亚最大速度(11、13和15 km·h-1)下,组间在步频和步长方面未观察到显著差异,在考虑着地方式时接触时间也无显著差异。总之,除了与训练相关、人体测量和生理变量外,着地方式和步长是仅有的对半程马拉松表现敏感的生物力学变量,这对于达到高跑步速度至关重要。然而,当控制着地方式和跑步速度(亚最大测试)时,时空变量相似。这表明着地方式和跑步速度是不同表现水平跑者之间时空差异的原因。