Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH.
Department of Animal Science, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
J Anim Sci. 2018 Feb 15;96(1):364-374. doi: 10.1093/jas/skx012.
Fatty acids are involved in the regulation of many physiological pathways, including those involved in gene expression and energy metabolism. Through effects on these pathways, fatty acids may have lifelong impacts on offspring development and metabolism via maternal supplementation. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the impact of supplementing a source of omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during late gestation on productive and metabolic responses of ewes and their offspring. Eighty-four gestating ewes (28 pens) were blocked and randomly assigned to a diet with 0.39% added fat during the last 50 d of gestation (d -0). The fat sources were Ca salts of a palmitic fatty acid distillate (PFAD) or EPA + DHA. After lambing (d 1), all ewes and lambs were placed on the same pasture. The ewes were weighed and BCS was measured on d -50, -20, 30, and 60 (weaning) of the experiment. Blood samples were taken from the ewes on d -50, -20, 1 (lambing), 30, and 60. Milk yield and composition were measured at 30 d postpartum. Lambs were weighed and bled at d 1, 30, and 60, and ADG was calculated. All plasma samples were analyzed for glucose and NEFA. Ghrelin, prostaglandin E metabolites (PGEM), and the prostaglandin D2 metabolite 11β-PGF2α were measured in d -20 ewe samples. Insulin and adropin were measured in lamb samples at d 60. There was no difference on ewe BW (P = 0.48) or BCS (P = 0.55), or plasma concentrations of glucose (P = 0.57), NEFA (P = 0.44), ghrelin (P = 0.36), PGEM (P = 0.32), and 11β-PGF2α (P = 0.86) between ewes supplemented with PFAD or EPA + DHA. Neither milk yield nor its composition was different (P > 0.10) among treatments. Lambs born from ewes supplemented with PFAD or EPA + DHA did not have different BW (P = 0.22), ADG (P = 0.21) or plasma NEFA (P = 0.52), glucose (P = 0.50), insulin (P = 0.59), and adropin (P = 0.72) concentrations. These results suggest that supplementation of EPA and DHA during late gestation did not affect ewe metabolic profile or milk production. Lamb performance and metabolism through weaning were not affected by maternal supplementation with an enriched source of EPA and DHA.
脂肪酸参与许多生理途径的调节，包括参与基因表达和能量代谢的途径。通过对这些途径的影响，脂肪酸可能通过母体补充对后代的发育和代谢产生终生影响。因此，我们的目的是研究在妊娠后期补充ω-3 脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的来源对母羊及其后代的生产性能和代谢的影响。84 只妊娠母羊（28 个围栏）被分成两组，并在妊娠最后 50 天（d-0）随机分配到添加 0.39%脂肪的饮食中。脂肪来源为棕榈酸脂肪酸馏分（PFAD）或 EPA+DHA 的钙盐。产羔后（d1），所有母羊和羔羊都被放在同一个牧场上。母羊在实验的 d-50、-20、30 和 60（断奶）时称重和体况评分（BCS）。在 d-50、-20、1（产羔）、30 和 60 时从母羊身上采集血液样本。在产后 30 天时测量产奶量和成分。在 d1、30 和 60 时对羔羊称重和采血，并计算 ADG。所有血浆样品均用于检测葡萄糖和非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）。在 d-20 时测量母羊样品中的生长激素释放肽（ghrelin）、前列腺素 E 代谢物（PGEM）和前列腺素 D2 代谢物 11β-PGF2α。在 d60 时测量羔羊样品中的胰岛素和阿多品。PFAD 或 EPA+DHA 补充组母羊的 BW（P=0.48）或 BCS（P=0.55）、血浆葡萄糖浓度（P=0.57）、NEFA（P=0.44）、ghrelin（P=0.36）、PGEM（P=0.32）和 11β-PGF2α（P=0.86）均无差异。处理之间的产奶量及其组成也没有差异（P＞0.10）。从 PFAD 或 EPA+DHA 补充的母羊所生的羔羊 BW（P=0.22）、ADG（P=0.21）或血浆 NEFA（P=0.52）、葡萄糖（P=0.50）、胰岛素（P=0.59）和阿多品（P=0.72）浓度均无差异。这些结果表明，在妊娠后期补充 EPA 和 DHA 并没有影响母羊的代谢状况或产奶量。通过母羊补充富含 EPA 和 DHA 的来源，对羔羊断奶后的性能和代谢没有影响。
