Marzocchi Silvia, Pasini Federica, Baldinelli Chiara, Caboni Maria Fiorenza
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna.
Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research (CIRI AgriFood), University of Bologna.
J Oleo Sci. 2018 Feb 1;67(2):143-150. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess17139. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
The lipid characterization of storage fat, subcutaneous fat and bone marrow, originated from three different bovine categories, calf, young bull and cow, was carried out in order to develop a re-use of these by-products. After the lipid extraction, the compositions in fatty acids, triacylglycerols and cholesterol were determined by GC-FID. A total of 25 fatty acids were identified in all by-products; the oleic acid was the preponderant component, followed by palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, linoleic and myristic acid. The long chain triacylglycerols (T48, T50 and T52) were the main products, especially in the cow's by-products. The subcutaneous fat of all animals showed the highest cholesterol content, whereas it was present in low amount in the others. Phospholipids were analysed in bone marrow of all the animals and phosphatidylcholine was the most abundant compound. Because of the high fat content and essential fatty acids and the low cholesterol amount, storage fat and bone marrow could represent a valuable lipid resource in food and pharmaceutical industry.
为了对这些副产品进行再利用，对源自三种不同牛类（小牛、青年公牛和母牛）的储存脂肪、皮下脂肪和骨髓进行了脂质特性分析。脂质提取后，通过气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）测定脂肪酸、三酰甘油和胆固醇的组成。在所有副产品中总共鉴定出25种脂肪酸；油酸是主要成分，其次是棕榈酸、硬脂酸、棕榈油酸、亚油酸和肉豆蔻酸。长链三酰甘油（T48、T50和T52）是主要产物，尤其是在母牛的副产品中。所有动物的皮下脂肪胆固醇含量最高，而在其他部位含量较低。对所有动物的骨髓中的磷脂进行了分析，磷脂酰胆碱是含量最丰富的化合物。由于储存脂肪和骨髓脂肪含量高、含有必需脂肪酸且胆固醇含量低，它们在食品和制药工业中可能是有价值的脂质资源。
