Marzocchi Silvia, Messia Maria Cristina, Marconi Emanuele, Caboni Maria Fiorenza, Pasini Federica
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Foods. 2023 Aug 12;12(16):3036. doi: 10.3390/foods12163036.
At present, whole grains are usually obtained by adding bran and middlings to refined flours, and this recombination leads to certain variations in the ratio of endosperm, bran and germ, resulting in flours with very different compositional characteristics and rheological properties. Therefore, this study focuses on the identification of specific lipid markers in different debranning fractions of Italian and Canadian durum wheat blends. The by-products obtained from five different debranning levels (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15%) had a high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and a higher concentration of tocopherols and sterols than the corresponding debranned grains. The Italian and Canadian durum wheat samples did not show significant differences in the content of these bioactive lipid compounds. In particular, palmitic acid, oleic acid, tocopherol isomers and total sterols could be useful biomarkers for evaluating the grain-to-tissue ratio in recombined flours.
目前，全谷物通常是通过在精制面粉中添加麸皮和粗粉获得的，这种重组导致胚乳、麸皮和胚芽的比例出现一定变化，从而产生具有非常不同组成特征和流变学特性的面粉。因此，本研究着重于鉴定意大利和加拿大硬粒小麦混合物不同脱皮部分中的特定脂质标志物。从五个不同脱皮水平（3%、6%、9%、12%和15%）获得的副产品含有高含量的单不饱和脂肪酸，并且生育酚和甾醇的浓度高于相应的脱皮谷物。意大利和加拿大硬粒小麦样品在这些生物活性脂质化合物的含量上没有显示出显著差异。特别是，棕榈酸、油酸、生育酚异构体和总甾醇可能是评估重组面粉中谷物与组织比例的有用生物标志物。
