Busin Yuri, Lukasova Katerina, Asthana Manish K, Macedo Elizeu C
Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jan 10;8:2332. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02332. eCollection 2017.
Past studies have found asymmetry biases in human emotion recognition. The left side bias refers to preferential looking at the left-hemiface when actively exploring face images. However, these studies have been mainly conducted with static and frontally oriented stimuli, whereas real-life emotion recognition takes place on dynamic faces viewed from different angles. The aim of this study was to assess the judgment of genuine vs. masked expressions in dynamic movie clips of faces rotated to the right or left side. Forty-eight participants judged the expressions on faces displaying genuine or masked happy, sad, and fearful emotions. The head of the actor was either rotated to the left by a 45° angle, thus showing the left side of the face (standard orientation), or inverted, with the same face shown from the right side perspective. The eye movements were registered by the eye tracker and the data were analyzed for the inverse efficiency score (IES), the number of fixations, gaze time on the whole face and in the regions of interest. Results showed shorter IESs and gaze times for happy compared to sad and fearful emotions, but no difference was found for these variables between sad and fearful emotions. The left side preference was evident from comparisons of the number of fixations. Standard stimuli received a higher number of fixations than inverted ones. However, gaze time was long on inverted compared to standard faces. Number of fixations on exposed hemiface interacted with the emotions decreasing from happy to sad and fearful. An opposite pattern was found for the occluded hemiface. These results suggest a change in fixation patterns in the rotated faces that may be beneficial for the judgments of expressions. Furthermore, this study replicated the effects of the judgment of genuine and masked emotions using dynamic faces.
过去的研究发现人类在情绪识别中存在不对称偏差。左侧偏差是指在主动探索面部图像时更倾向于注视左半脸。然而,这些研究主要是针对静态且正面朝向的刺激进行的,而现实生活中的情绪识别是在从不同角度观看的动态面部上进行的。本研究的目的是评估在向右侧或左侧旋转的面部动态电影剪辑中对真实表情与伪装表情的判断。48名参与者对显示真实或伪装的快乐、悲伤和恐惧情绪的面部表情进行判断。演员的头部要么向左旋转45°角,从而展示脸的左侧(标准方向),要么倒置,从右侧视角展示相同的脸。通过眼动仪记录眼动情况,并对数据进行分析,以得出反向效率得分(IES)、注视次数、在整个面部和感兴趣区域的注视时间。结果显示,与悲伤和恐惧情绪相比,快乐情绪的IES和注视时间更短,但悲伤和恐惧情绪在这些变量上没有差异。从注视次数的比较中可以明显看出左侧偏好。标准刺激比倒置刺激获得的注视次数更多。然而,与标准面部相比,倒置面部的注视时间更长。暴露半脸的注视次数与情绪相互作用,从快乐到悲伤和恐惧逐渐减少。对于被遮挡的半脸则发现了相反的模式。这些结果表明旋转面部的注视模式发生了变化,这可能有利于表情判断。此外,本研究使用动态面部重复了对真实和伪装情绪判断的效果。