Lukášová Radka, Halajian Ali, Bártová Eva, Kobédová Kateřina, Swanepoel Lourens H, O'Riain M Justin
1 University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Palackého tř. 1946/1, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
2 University of Limpopo, Department of Biodiversity, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
J Wildl Dis. 2018 Apr;54(2):392-396. doi: 10.7589/2017-09-233. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
Relatively little is known about protozoan parasites in African animals. Here we investigated the occurrence of protozoan parasites in mammals from South Africa. Oocysts of protozoan parasites were detected in 13 of 56 (23%) fecal samples using conventional microscopic examination methods. Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp. were detected in eight (14%) and five (9%) samples, respectively. Mixed parasitic infection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp. was recorded in banded mongoose ( Mungos mungo). Cryptosporidium spp. was detected for the first time in cheetah ( Acinonyx jubatus), spotted hyena ( Crocuta crocuta), and African polecat ( Ictonyx striatus). Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum were not detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in any of 32 sera tested. We detected T. gondii by PCR in tissues of five of 243 (2%) animals: domestic dog ( Canis lupus familiaris), gerbil ( Gerbilliscus spp.), greater kudu ( Tragelaphus strepsiceros), honey badger ( Mellivora capensis), and white-tailed mongoose ( Ichneumia albicauda). Our isolation of T. gondii from white-tailed mongoose and honey badger was a unique finding. All tissue samples were negative for N. caninum. The study increases our knowledge on the occurrence of protozoan parasites in populations of wild and domestic animals in South Africa.
人们对非洲动物体内的原生动物寄生虫了解相对较少。在此，我们调查了南非哺乳动物中原生动物寄生虫的存在情况。使用传统显微镜检查方法，在56份粪便样本中的13份（23%）中检测到了原生动物寄生虫的卵囊。分别在8份（14%）和5份（9%）样本中检测到了隐孢子虫属和等孢球虫属。在带状猫鼬（白颈鼬）中记录到了隐孢子虫属和等孢球虫属的混合寄生虫感染。在猎豹（猎豹属）、斑鬣狗（斑鬣狗属）和非洲艾鼬（非洲艾鼬属）中首次检测到了隐孢子虫属。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法，在所检测的32份血清中均未检测到抗刚地弓形虫和犬新孢子虫的抗体。我们通过聚合酶链反应在243只动物中的5只（2%）的组织中检测到了刚地弓形虫：家犬（家犬种）、沙鼠（沙鼠属）、大林羚（大林羚属）、蜜獾（蜜獾属）和白尾猫鼬（白尾猫鼬属）。我们从白尾猫鼬和蜜獾中分离出刚地弓形虫是一个独特的发现。所有组织样本中犬新孢子虫均为阴性。该研究增加了我们对南非野生动物和家畜群体中原生动物寄生虫存在情况的了解。
