Vincenzini M T, Favilli F, Stio M, Vanni P, Treves C
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 1985;17(3):279-95.
In order to study the detergent-enzyme interaction and to clarify whether such an interaction produces specific or non-specific effects, we investigated the action of natural and synthetic detergents on enzymatic systems of different levels of complexity (crystalline enzymes, crude homogenates, organ preparations, organisms in toto i.e. rats and germinating seeds). The enzyme-detergent interaction was examined both as a time-independent phenomenon (inhibition) and as a time-dependent phenomenon (inactivation). In in vitro experiments a clear inhibition of pyridine-dependent dehydrogenases by long-chain anionic detergents was found. Cationic detergents have their greatest effect on lipase, LDH, MDH and ICDH from rat liver homogenates. At low concentrations SDS inactivates all the dehydrogenase enzymes studied. With high concentrations (10 mM) of SDS and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C12), there was a sharp and non-specific decrease of enzymatic activities. In the in vivo studies, rats were given detergents to drink; the cationic detergent (C12) was far more effective than SDS with enzymes from both intestine and liver homogenates. SDS and C12 do not seem to interfere with enzyme activities at the beginning of the germination of Pinus pinea and Triticum durum seeds. However a marked reduction of activities does occur at the respective maximum germination times of these seeds. The nonionic detergent is ineffective both as inhibitor and as inactivator.
为了研究洗涤剂与酶的相互作用，并阐明这种相互作用是否产生特异性或非特异性影响，我们研究了天然和合成洗涤剂对不同复杂程度的酶系统（结晶酶、粗匀浆、器官制剂、完整生物体，即大鼠和发芽种子）的作用。酶与洗涤剂的相互作用既作为一种与时间无关的现象（抑制），也作为一种与时间有关的现象（失活）进行了研究。在体外实验中，发现长链阴离子洗涤剂对吡啶依赖性脱氢酶有明显的抑制作用。阳离子洗涤剂对大鼠肝脏匀浆中的脂肪酶、乳酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和异柠檬酸脱氢酶影响最大。低浓度的十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）可使所有研究的脱氢酶失活。高浓度（10 mM）的SDS和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵（C12）会导致酶活性急剧且非特异性地下降。在体内研究中，给大鼠饮用洗涤剂；阳离子洗涤剂（C12）对来自肠道和肝脏匀浆的酶的作用远比SDS有效。SDS和C12在欧洲赤松和硬粒小麦种子萌发开始时似乎不会干扰酶活性。然而，在这些种子各自的最大萌发时间会出现明显的活性降低。非离子洗涤剂作为抑制剂和失活剂均无效。
