Koryachkina S Ya, Ladnova O L, Godunov O A, Kholodova E N, Lazareva T N
Vopr Pitan. 2016;85(6):48-56.
The results of the study of the mineral and vitamin composition of fruit and vegetable powders, as well as their influence on the clinical and physiological parameters in laboratory animals (body weight, behavior patterns, functional state of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, general clinical and biochemical parameters of blood) were obtained. The study was performed on white Wistar rats initial body weight 190±20 g that were previously kept in quarantine for 5 days. One control group and six experimental groups (6 animals in each) were formed. Within 28 days animals from experimental groups were administered the diet supplemented with fruit or vegetable powder (carrot, squash, beet, apples, cabbage, pumpkin) in an amount of 3% by weight of the feed. When carrot powder was consumed, amplification processes of catabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as evidenced by an increase in blood levels of bilirubin, activity of alkaline phosphatase, GGT, LDH and significant reduction of cholesterol and triglyceride level occurred. In animals that received zucchini powder, body weight increased by 15.6% compared to the initial, as well as the activation of the immune response, enhance of carbohydrate metabolism (urea level and AST activity decreased under normal blood level of total protein, albumin fraction, bilirubin, creatinine, and LDH and ALT activity) and fat metabolism (cholesterol and triglyceride level reducing) was observed. Consumption of beet powder caused an increase in the number of red blood cells and platelets, elevated protein and fat metabolism (decrease in albumin, bilirubin, creatinine and urea level at normal parameters of total protein, glucose, AST activity, marked decrease in the level of triglycerides and cholesterol), had a stimulating effect on the heart (blood pressure and pulse rate increased). Consumption of apple powder caused the activation of the immune response, improved blood formation, activated energy metabolism (decrease in creatinine, urea, albumin, bilirubin, cholesterol and triglycerides level, AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase activity), slowed heart rate and had a hypotensive effect. After uptake of cabbage powder, weight gain by 21.7% from the initial weight, increase in alkaline phosphatase and GTT activity, activation of protein metabolism (decrease in the number of total protein, albumin, bilirubin level) has been revealed. In the study of orienting-motor functions it was found that physical activity and «mink» reflex increased in this animals as well as swimming time before exhaustion raised by 27.1% compared to control animals. Body weight increased mostly pronounced (by 29.0% of the original) when pumpkin powder was consumed. Addition of pumkin powder contributed to the activation of blood immune system; protein metabolism increase (raise of total protein and urea, reduction in bilirubin level, AST activity); the duration of swimming to exhaustion increased by 37.9%, compared with the control group. No any negative deviation was found in the state of animals under administration of investigated plant powders.
获得了水果和蔬菜粉的矿物质和维生素成分研究结果，以及它们对实验动物临床和生理参数（体重、行为模式、心血管和神经系统功能状态、血液一般临床和生化参数）的影响。该研究以初始体重为190±20克的白色Wistar大鼠进行，这些大鼠先前已在隔离状态下饲养5天。形成了一个对照组和六个实验组（每组6只动物）。在28天内，给实验组的动物喂食添加了水果或蔬菜粉（胡萝卜、西葫芦、甜菜、苹果、卷心菜、南瓜）的饲料，添加量为饲料重量的3%。食用胡萝卜粉时，蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物分解代谢的增强过程出现，这表现为血液中胆红素水平升高、碱性磷酸酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性增加，以及胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著降低。接受西葫芦粉的动物，体重比初始体重增加了15.6%，同时免疫反应激活，碳水化合物代谢增强（在总蛋白、白蛋白组分、胆红素、肌酐正常血液水平以及乳酸脱氢酶和谷丙转氨酶活性正常的情况下，尿素水平和谷草转氨酶活性降低），脂肪代谢增强（胆固醇和甘油三酯水平降低）。食用甜菜粉导致红细胞和血小板数量增加，蛋白质和脂肪代谢增强（在总蛋白、葡萄糖、谷草转氨酶活性正常参数下，白蛋白、胆红素、肌酐和尿素水平降低，甘油三酯和胆固醇水平显著降低），对心脏有刺激作用（血压和脉搏率增加）。食用苹果粉导致免疫反应激活，血液生成改善，能量代谢激活（肌酐、尿素、白蛋白、胆红素、胆固醇和甘油三酯水平降低，谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性降低），心率减慢并有降压作用。摄入卷心菜粉后，体重比初始体重增加了21.7%，碱性磷酸酶和葡萄糖耐量试验活性增加，蛋白质代谢激活（总蛋白、白蛋白、胆红素水平降低）。在定向运动功能研究中发现，与对照动物相比，这些动物的体力活动和“貂”反射增加，疲劳前游泳时间增加了27.1%。食用南瓜粉时体重增加最为明显（比原来增加29.0%）。添加南瓜粉有助于激活血液免疫系统；蛋白质代谢增加（总蛋白和尿素升高，胆红素水平降低，谷草转氨酶活性升高）；与对照组相比，疲劳游泳持续时间增加了37.9%。在给予所研究的植物粉时，未发现动物状态有任何负面偏差。
