Oosterwijk A M, Nieuwenhuis M K, van der Schans C P, Mouton L J
a Research group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.
b Association of Dutch Burn Centers , Burn Center Martini Hospital , Groningen , the Netherlands.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2018 Jul;34(7):505-528. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1422206. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
The loss of range of motion (ROM) in the upper extremities can interfere with activities of daily living (ADL) and, therefore, many interventions focus on improving impaired ROM. The question, however, is what joint angles are needed to naturally perform ADL. The present review aimed to compile and synthesize data from literature on shoulder and elbow angles that unimpaired participants used when performing ADL tasks. A search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, and PEDro. Studies were eligible when shoulder (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction) and/or elbow (flexion, extension) angles were measured in unimpaired participants who were naturally performing ADL tasks, and angles were provided per task. Thirty-six studies involving a total of 66 ADL tasks were included. Results demonstrated that unimpaired participants used up to full elbow flexion (150°) in personal care, eating, and drinking tasks. For shoulder flexion and abduction approximately 130° was necessary. Specific ADL tasks were measured often, however, almost never for tasks such as dressing. The synthesized information can be used to interpret impairments on the individual level and to establish rehabilitation goals in terms of function and prevention of secondary conditions due to excessive use of compensatory movements.
上肢活动范围（ROM）的丧失会干扰日常生活活动（ADL），因此，许多干预措施都集中在改善受损的活动范围上。然而，问题在于自然进行日常生活活动需要什么样的关节角度。本综述旨在汇总和综合文献中关于未受损参与者在进行日常生活活动任务时所使用的肩部和肘部角度的数据。我们在PubMed、Cochrane、Scopus、CINAHL和PEDro数据库中进行了检索。当在自然进行日常生活活动任务的未受损参与者中测量肩部（屈曲、伸展、外展、内收）和/或肘部（屈曲、伸展）角度，并按任务提供角度数据时，这些研究即为合格研究。共纳入了36项涉及66项日常生活活动任务的研究。结果表明，在个人护理、进食和饮水任务中，未受损参与者会用到完全的肘部屈曲（150°）。对于肩部屈曲和外展，大约需要130°。特定的日常生活活动任务经常被测量，然而，对于诸如穿衣等任务几乎从未进行过测量。综合信息可用于在个体层面解释损伤情况，并根据功能以及预防因过度使用代偿性动作而导致的继发状况来设定康复目标。
