Inagaki Yuji, Ishida Tomoya, Sugimori Hiroyuki, Yoshimura Takaaki, Watanabe Akihiro, Naito Yumene, Sawamura Daisuke
Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Aug 29;7:1646326. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1646326. eCollection 2025.
Efficient performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) requires coordinated movement across multiple upper-limb joints. However, current assessments of joint range of motion (ROM) during ADLs often rely on subjective evaluation and lack precise quantitative data. The functional ROM required for upper-limb movements in a seated position remains unclear, despite its clinical relevance for older adults and individuals with mobility limitations who frequently perform ADLs while seated. Additionally, little is known about how joint-motion requirements differ across similar ADL tasks, such as eating with a spoon versus chopsticks or washing the top versus the back of the head. To address these issues, we aimed to establish standardized ROM values for common upper-limb-related ADLs using three-dimensional motion analysis to enhance rehabilitation goal setting.
Thirty-one healthy adults (14 women; mean age 22.9 ± 1.9 years) completed six seated ADLs-face washing; hair washing (top, back); chopstick or spoon eating; bottled-water drinking. Marker-based motion capture (International society of biomechanics guidelines) recorded kinematics. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests ( < 0.05) assessed task differences.
Significant differences in upper limb and neck joint angles were observed across ADL tasks. Shoulder elevation was highest during back hair washing (105.0° ± 14.6°) and lowest when eating with chopsticks (39.2° ± 10.9°). Elbow flexion peaked during face washing (122.3° ± 5.2°) and back hair washing (127.9° ± 5.7°), reflecting the need for close hand-to-face contact. Wrist extension was greatest during face washing (-28.7° ± 8.5°), while a significant difference was found between chopstick (-13.7° ± 12.5°) and spoon use (-5.6° ± 5.3°, = 0.005), indicating task-specific hand control demands. Neck flexion also varied significantly between hair washing conditions (back > top, < 0.001). Furthermore, when eating with a bowl rather than with a plate, participants showed significantly greater shoulder elevation, elbow flexion, and forearm rotation ( < 0.01), suggesting increased ROM demands shaped by Japanese eating customs.
These reference ROMs offer objective targets for seated-ADL rehabilitation and assistive-device design. validation in older adults and clinical populations is warranted to confirm applicability and guide goal setting.
日常生活活动（ADL）的高效执行需要多个上肢关节的协调运动。然而，目前对ADL期间关节活动范围（ROM）的评估通常依赖主观评价，缺乏精确的定量数据。尽管对于经常坐着进行ADL的老年人和行动不便的个体具有临床相关性，但坐姿时上肢运动所需的功能ROM仍不清楚。此外，对于类似的ADL任务，如用勺子吃饭与用筷子吃饭，或洗头顶与洗后脑勺，关节运动要求如何不同，人们了解甚少。为了解决这些问题，我们旨在使用三维运动分析为常见的上肢相关ADL建立标准化的ROM值，以加强康复目标设定。
31名健康成年人（14名女性；平均年龄22.9±1.9岁）完成了六项坐姿ADL——洗脸；洗头（头顶、后脑勺）；用筷子或勺子吃饭；喝瓶装水。基于标记的运动捕捉（国际生物力学学会指南）记录运动学数据。描述性统计和配对t检验（<0.05）评估任务差异。
在ADL任务中观察到上肢和颈部关节角度存在显著差异。洗后脑勺时肩部抬高最高（105.0°±14.6°），用筷子吃饭时最低（39.2°±10.9°）。洗脸（122.3°±5.2°）和洗后脑勺（127.9°±5.7°）时肘部屈曲达到峰值，这反映了手与脸近距离接触的需求。洗脸时手腕伸展最大（-28.7°±8.5°），而用筷子（-13.7°±12.5°）和用勺子（-5.6°±5.3°，=0.005）之间存在显著差异，表明特定任务的手部控制需求。洗头条件下颈部屈曲也有显著差异（后脑勺>头顶，<0.001）。此外，与用盘子吃饭相比，用碗吃饭时，参与者的肩部抬高、肘部屈曲和前臂旋转显著更大（<0.01），这表明日本饮食习俗对ROM需求增加有影响。
这些参考ROM为坐姿ADL康复和辅助设备设计提供了客观目标。有必要在老年人和临床人群中进行验证，以确认其适用性并指导目标设定。
