Lu Jun, Li Jinxin, Wang Shihui, Yao Lu, Liang Wenxia, Wang Juan, Gao Wenyuan
Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2018 Jul;65(4):514-522. doi: 10.1002/bab.1649. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
In this paper, we reviewed the advances in ginsenoside biosynthesis and metabolic regulation. To begin with, the application of elicitors in the ginsenoside biosynthesis was discussed. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and analogues have the best effect on accumulation of ginsenoside compared with other elicitors, and few biotic elicitors are applied in Panax genus plants tissue culture. In addition, so far, more than 40 genes encoding ginsenoside biosynthesis related enzymes have been cloned and identified from Panax genus, such as UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT) genes UDPG, UGTAE2, UGT94Q2, UGTPg100, and UGTPg1. However, the downstream pathway of the ginsenoside biosynthesis is still not clear. Moreover, some methods have been used to increase the expression of functional genes and ginsenoside content in the ginsenoside synthesis pathway, including elicitors, overexpression, RNAi, and transcription factors. The ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway should be revealed so that ginsenoside contents can be regulated.
在本文中，我们综述了人参皂苷生物合成及代谢调控方面的进展。首先，讨论了诱导子在人参皂苷生物合成中的应用。与其他诱导子相比，茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）及其类似物对人参皂苷积累的效果最佳，且在人参属植物组织培养中很少应用生物诱导子。此外，到目前为止，已从人参属中克隆并鉴定出40多个编码人参皂苷生物合成相关酶的基因，如UDP-糖基转移酶（UGT）基因UDPG、UGTAE2、UGT94Q2、UGTPg100和UGTPg1。然而，人参皂苷生物合成的下游途径仍不清楚。此外，已采用一些方法来提高人参皂苷合成途径中功能基因的表达及人参皂苷含量，包括诱导子、过表达、RNA干扰和转录因子。应揭示人参皂苷生物合成途径，以便调控人参皂苷含量。
