Sun Aixia, Liu Xiang, Tang Ganghua
Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals and Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Chem. 2018 Jan 15;5:124. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00124. eCollection 2017.
Tumor cells have an increased nutritional demand for amino acids (AAs) to satisfy their rapid proliferation. Positron-emitting nuclide labeled AAs are interesting probes and are of great importance for imaging tumors using positron emission tomography (PET). Carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labeled AAs include the [1-C] AAs, labeling alpha-C- AAs, the branched-chain of AAs and -substituted carbon-11 labeled AAs. These tracers target protein synthesis or amino acid (AA) transport, and their uptake mechanism mainly involves AA transport. AA PET tracers have been widely used in clinical settings to image brain tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, prostate cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review focuses on the fundamental concepts and the uptake mechanism of AAs, AA PET tracers and their clinical applications.
肿瘤细胞对氨基酸（AAs）的营养需求增加，以满足其快速增殖。正电子发射核素标记的氨基酸是有趣的探针，对于使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）成像肿瘤非常重要。碳-11和氟-18标记的氨基酸包括[1-C]氨基酸、标记α-C-氨基酸、氨基酸的支链和取代碳-11标记的氨基酸。这些示踪剂靶向蛋白质合成或氨基酸（AA）转运，其摄取机制主要涉及氨基酸转运。氨基酸PET示踪剂已广泛应用于临床，用于脑肿瘤、神经内分泌肿瘤、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）和肝细胞癌的成像。本综述重点关注氨基酸的基本概念和摄取机制、氨基酸PET示踪剂及其临床应用。
