Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2019 Jul/Sep;42(3):123-129. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0000000000000155.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Exercise-based interventions, such as the Otago Exercise Program (OEP), are effective in preventing falls in the older adult. Previous studies evaluating the OEP have determined falls, lower limb strength, or balance outcomes but with lack of assessment of hand grip strength. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of OEP on hand grip strength alongside mobility and balance outcomes. METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective, and single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted at the University Malaya Medical Centre. Patients older than 65 years presenting to the hospital emergency department or geriatric clinic with 1 injurious fall or 2 falls in the past year and with impaired functional mobility were included in the study. The intervention group received a modified OEP intervention (n = 34) for 3 months, while the control group received conventional care (n = 33). All participants were assessed at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: Twenty-four participants in both OEP and control groups completed the 6-month follow-up assessments. Within-group analyses revealed no difference in grip strength in the OEP group (P = 1.00, right hand; P = .55, left hand), with significant deterioration in grip strength in the control group (P = .01, right hand; P = .005, left hand). Change in grip strength over 6 months significantly favored the OEP group (P = .047, right hand; P = .004, left hand). Significant improvements were also observed in mobility and balance in the OEP group. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to benefits in mobility and balance, the OEP also prevents deterioration in upper limb strength. Additional benefits of exercise interventions for secondary prevention of falls in term of sarcopenia and frailty should also be evaluated in the future.
背景与目的:以运动为基础的干预措施,如奥塔哥运动计划(OEP),可有效预防老年人跌倒。之前评估 OEP 的研究已经确定了跌倒、下肢力量或平衡结果,但缺乏对手握力的评估。本研究的目的是评估 OEP 对握力以及移动性和平衡结果的影响。
方法:这是一项在马来西亚大学医学中心进行的单中心、前瞻性、单盲随机对照试验。研究纳入了因 1 次意外伤害性跌倒或过去 1 年中跌倒 2 次而就诊于医院急诊或老年科且存在功能性移动障碍的年龄在 65 岁以上的患者。干预组接受改良的 OEP 干预(n = 34),持续 3 个月,而对照组接受常规护理(n = 33)。所有参与者在基线和 6 个月时接受评估。
结果:OEP 和对照组各有 24 名参与者完成了 6 个月的随访评估。组内分析显示,OEP 组握力无差异(右手 P = 1.00,左手 P =.55),而对照组握力显著下降(右手 P =.01,左手 P =.005)。6 个月时握力变化明显有利于 OEP 组(右手 P =.047,左手 P =.004)。OEP 组在移动性和平衡方面也有显著改善。
结论:除了在移动性和平衡方面的益处外,OEP 还可以防止上肢力量下降。未来还应评估运动干预对跌倒的二级预防在肌肉减少症和虚弱方面的额外益处。
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