Murakami Kentaro, Livingstone M Barbara E, Okubo Hitomi, Sasaki Satoshi
Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga, Japan. Email:
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018;27(2):441-450. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.042017.11.
Information on a whole array of characteristics associated with dietary misreporting in a representative sample in each country is still limited. Using data from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan, we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of under- and over-reporting of energy intake among 19,986 Japanese adults aged >=20 years.
Each individual's energy intake was calculated based on a 1-day semi-weighed dietary record. Under-, plausible, and over-reporters were identified based on the 95% confidence limits 1) for agreement between the ratio of energy intake to basal metabolic rate and a physical activity level for sedentary lifestyle (1.55), and 2) of the expected ratio of energy intake to estimated energy requirement of 1.0, assuming 'low active' level of physical activity.
Almost all subjects (>=92.8%) were classified as plausible reporters by any of the methods applied, with very low percentages of under- and over-reporters (<=6.3% and <=2.0%, respectively). Under-reporting was associated with younger age, overweight and obesity (compared with normal weight), current smoking (compared with never smoking), no alcohol drinking (compared with drinking everyday), and household consisting of a single person (compared with that consisting of two persons). Over-reporting was associated with gender (female), normal weight (compared with overweight), and household consisting of a single person.
Overall mean energy intake obtained in this sample of Japanese adults appears to be plausible, but caution should be exercised when assessing the plausibility of energy intake in some subgroups.
关于每个国家具有代表性样本中与饮食报告错误相关的一系列特征的信息仍然有限。利用来自日本2012年国民健康与营养调查的数据，我们调查了19986名年龄≥20岁的日本成年人中能量摄入报告不足和报告过量的患病率及特征。
根据1天的半称重饮食记录计算每个人的能量摄入量。根据以下95%置信区间确定报告不足者、合理报告者和报告过量者：1）能量摄入量与基础代谢率之比和久坐生活方式身体活动水平（1.55）之间的一致性；2）假设身体活动水平为“低活动”，能量摄入量与估计能量需求预期比值为1.0。
几乎所有受试者（≥92.8%）通过所应用的任何一种方法都被归类为合理报告者，报告不足者和报告过量者的比例非常低（分别≤6.3%和≤2.0%）。报告不足与年龄较小、超重和肥胖（与正常体重相比）、当前吸烟（与从不吸烟相比）、不饮酒（与每天饮酒相比）以及单人家庭（与两人家庭相比）相关。报告过量与性别（女性）、正常体重（与超重相比）以及单人家庭相关。
该日本成年人样本中获得的总体平均能量摄入量似乎是合理的，但在评估某些亚组能量摄入量的合理性时应谨慎。
