Nimrouzi Majid, Zarshenas Mohammad Mehdi
Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Avicenna J Phytomed. 2018 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-13.
Anorexia and impaired appetite (Dysorexia) are common symptoms with varying causes, and often need no serious medical intervention. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic psychiatric disease with a high mortality rate. In Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), anorexia is a condition in which anorexic patients lose appetite due to dystemperament. This review aims to discuss the common points of traditional and conventional approaches rather than introducing Persian medical recommendations suitable for nowadays use.
For this purpose, Avicenna's Canon of Medicine, main TPM resources and important databases were reviewed using the related keywords.
Despite complex hormonal explanation, etiology of AN in conventional approach is not completely understood. In TPM approach, the etiology and recommended interventions are thoroughly defined based on humoral pathophysiology. In TPM approach, disease states are regarded as the result of imbalances in organs' temperament and humors. In anorexia with simple dystemperament, the physician should attempt to balance the temperament using foods and medicaments which have opposite quality of temperament. Lifestyle, spiritual diseases (neuro - psychological) and gastrointestinal worms are the other causes for reducing appetite. Also, medicines and foods with warm temperaments (such as Pea soup and Mustard) are useful for these patients (cold temperament).
Although the pathophysiology of AN in TPM is different in comparison with conventional views, TPM criteria for treatment this disorder is similar to those of current medicine. Recommending to have spiritual support and a healthy lifestyle are common in both views. Simple safe interventions recommended by TPM may be considered as alternative medical modalities after being confirmed by well-designed clinical trials.
厌食和食欲减退（食欲不振）是常见症状，病因各异，通常无需进行严重的医学干预。神经性厌食症（AN）是一种死亡率很高的慢性精神疾病。在传统波斯医学（TPM）中，厌食是指厌食患者因气质失调而失去食欲。本综述旨在讨论传统方法与常规方法的共同点，而非介绍适用于当今的波斯医学建议。
为此，使用相关关键词对阿维森纳的《医学准则》、主要的TPM资源和重要数据库进行了综述。
尽管有复杂的激素解释，但常规方法中AN的病因尚未完全明确。在TPM方法中，病因和推荐的干预措施是基于体液病理生理学进行全面定义的。在TPM方法中，疾病状态被视为器官气质和体液失衡的结果。对于气质单纯失调引起的厌食，医生应尝试使用气质性质相反的食物和药物来平衡气质。生活方式、精神疾病（神经 - 心理）和胃肠道寄生虫是导致食欲下降的其他原因。此外，气质温热的药物和食物（如豌豆汤和芥末）对这些患者（气质寒凉）有益。
尽管TPM中AN的病理生理学与传统观点不同，但TPM对该疾病的治疗标准与现代医学相似。两种观点都普遍建议给予精神支持和健康的生活方式。TPM推荐的简单安全干预措施在经过精心设计的临床试验证实后，可被视为替代医学模式。
