Deininger Michael, Daly Shanna R, Sienko Kathleen H, Lee Jennifer C
University of Michigan, George G. Brown Laboratory, Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Des Stud. 2017 Jul;51:25-65. doi: 10.1016/j.destud.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 May 25.
Prototypes are essential tools in product design processes, but are often underutilized by novice designers. To help novice designers use prototypes more effectively, we must first determine how they currently use prototypes. In this paper, we describe how novice designers conceptualized prototypes and reported using them throughout a design project, and compare reported prototyping use to prototyping best practices. We found that some of the reported prototyping practices by novice designers, such as using inexpensive prototypes early and using prototypes to define user requirements, occurred infrequently and lacked intentionality. Participants' initial descriptions of prototypes were less sophisticated than how they later described using them and only upon prompted reflection did participants recognize more specific benefits of using prototypes.
原型是产品设计过程中的重要工具，但新手设计师往往没有充分利用它们。为了帮助新手设计师更有效地使用原型，我们必须首先确定他们目前如何使用原型。在本文中，我们描述了新手设计师如何构思原型，并报告了他们在整个设计项目中使用原型的情况，并将报告的原型使用情况与原型制作的最佳实践进行了比较。我们发现，新手设计师报告的一些原型制作实践，比如早期使用低成本原型以及使用原型来定义用户需求，很少发生且缺乏计划性。参与者对原型的最初描述不如他们后来描述的使用方式那么成熟，而且只有在经过提示反思后，参与者才认识到使用原型的更具体好处。
