Skop Michelle, Lorentz Justin, Jassi Mobin, Vesprini Danny, Einstein Gillian
1 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
2 Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Am J Mens Health. 2018 Jul;12(4):961-972. doi: 10.1177/1557988317753241. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
Men with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations are at increased risk of developing breast cancer and may have an indication for breast cancer screening using mammography. Since breast cancer is often viewed as a woman's disease, visibilizing and understanding men's experience of having a BRCA mutation and specifically, of screening for breast cancer through mammography, were the objectives of this research study. The theoretical framework of interpretive phenomenology guided the process of data collection, coding, and analysis. Phenomenology is both a philosophy and research method which focuses on understanding the nature of experience from the perspectives of people experiencing a phenomenon, the essence of and commonalities among people's experiences, and the ways in which people experience the world through their bodies. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 15 male participants recruited from the Male Oncology Research and Education (MORE) Program. This article reports findings about participants' use of gender-specific language to describe their breasts, awareness of the ways in which their bodies changed overtime, and experiences of undergoing mammograms. This study is the first to describe men with BRCA's perceptions of their breasts and experiences of mammography in a high-risk cancer screening clinic. This study sheds light on an under-researched area-breasts and masculinities-and could potentially lead to improved clinical understanding of men's embodied experiences of BRCA, as well as suggestions for improving the delivery of male breast cancer screening services.
携带BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变的男性患乳腺癌的风险增加，可能需要通过乳房X光检查进行乳腺癌筛查。由于乳腺癌通常被视为女性疾病，本研究的目的是揭示并理解男性携带BRCA突变的经历，特别是通过乳房X光检查进行乳腺癌筛查的经历。解释现象学的理论框架指导了数据收集、编码和分析过程。现象学既是一种哲学，也是一种研究方法，它侧重于从经历某一现象的人的角度理解经历的本质、人们经历的本质和共性，以及人们通过身体体验世界的方式。通过对从男性肿瘤研究与教育（MORE）项目中招募的15名男性参与者进行有目的抽样的深度访谈来收集数据。本文报告了参与者使用特定性别的语言描述其乳房、对身体随时间变化方式的认识以及接受乳房X光检查的经历的相关研究结果。本研究首次描述了在高风险癌症筛查诊所中携带BRCA的男性对其乳房的认知以及乳房X光检查的经历。这项研究揭示了一个研究不足的领域——乳房与男性气质——并可能有助于临床更好地理解男性携带BRCA的身体体验，以及改善男性乳腺癌筛查服务提供方式的建议。
