Research Group for Bioactives-Analysis and Application, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; email:
Nano-Bio Science Research Group, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2018 Mar 25;9:525-549. doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-030117-012348.
The use of vitamins, polyphenolic antioxidants, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and probiotics for the fortification of foods is increasing. However, these bioactive compounds have low stability and need to be protected to avoid deterioration in the food system itself or in the gastrointestinal tract. For that purpose, efficient encapsulation of the compounds may be required. Spray drying is one of the most commonly used encapsulation techniques in the food industry, but it uses high temperature, which can lead to decomposition of the bioactive compounds. Recently, alternative technologies such as electrospraying and electrospinning have received increasing attention. This review presents the principles of electrohydrodynamic processes for the production of nano-microstructures (NMSs) containing bioactive compounds. It provides an overview of the current use of this technology for encapsulation of bioactive compounds and discusses the future potential of the technology. Finally, the review discusses advanced microscopy techniques to study the morphology of NMSs.
维生素、多酚抗氧化剂、ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和益生菌等生物活性化合物被越来越多地用于食品强化。然而，这些生物活性化合物的稳定性较低，需要加以保护，以避免在食品体系本身或在胃肠道中发生劣化。为此，可能需要对这些化合物进行有效的包封。喷雾干燥是食品工业中最常用的包封技术之一，但它使用高温，这可能导致生物活性化合物的分解。最近，电喷雾和静电纺丝等替代技术受到越来越多的关注。本综述介绍了用于生产含有生物活性化合物的纳米-微结构（NMS）的电流体动力学过程的原理。它概述了该技术在包封生物活性化合物方面的当前应用，并讨论了该技术的未来潜力。最后，综述讨论了先进的显微镜技术，以研究 NMS 的形态。
