Nordstrom K M, Labows J N, McGinley K J, Leyden J J
J Invest Dermatol. 1986 Jun;86(6):700-5. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12276314.
The abnormal impactation of a sebaceous follicle (the follicular cast) has been implicated as the preclinical lesion of acne vulgaris. We have characterized the lipid composition of these structures in the first of a series of studies aimed at the identification of sebaceous lipids that may be associated and/or responsible for the initiation of clinical lesions. The lipid composition of follicular casts was analyzed using thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry. The mean wet weight of the casts was 24.7 +/- 8.6 micrograms and 7.2 +/- 5.6 micrograms (29.4 +/- 13.5%) was lipid. Cholesterol (3.8 +/- 1.8%) and cholesterol esters (2.0 +/- 2.7%), wax esters (25.3 +/- 6.0%), squalene (19.9 +/- 6.6%), triglycerides (16.1 +/- 7.8%), and free fatty acids (33.0 +/- 10.0%) were all present in cast lipid. Fatty acids of the free fatty acid and triglyceride fraction ranged from C12 to C22. The major components of the free fatty acids were C14:0, C15:0, C16:1, C16:0, 2-me-C17:0, and C18:1. In the triglyceride fraction C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C18:1, and C18:0 dominated. The free fatty acids were composed of normal saturated (50.6%), normal unsaturated (32.8%), and monomethyl branched (16.6%) acids; the triglyceride fraction contained (86.3%) normal saturated (10.8%), normal unsaturated, and (3.0%) monomethyl branched fatty acids. Wax esters of follicular casts included esters ranging from C26:1 to C38:0. Saturated esters predominated and both odd- and even-numbered esters were present. The most abundant fatty acid moieties of these esters were C16:0 and C15:0, whereas C14:0, C17:0, and C20:0 were the most frequently detected alcohol moieties.
皮脂腺毛囊的异常堵塞物（毛囊栓）被认为是寻常痤疮的临床前病变。在一系列旨在鉴定可能与临床病变的发生相关和/或起作用的皮脂的研究中，我们首先对这些结构的脂质组成进行了表征。使用薄层色谱法、气相色谱法和质谱法分析了毛囊栓的脂质组成。毛囊栓的平均湿重为24.7±8.6微克，脂质占7.2±5.6微克（29.4±13.5%）。胆固醇（3.8±1.8%）和胆固醇酯（2.0±2.7%）、蜡酯（25.3±6.0%）、角鲨烯（19.9±6.6%）、甘油三酯（16.1±7.8%）和游离脂肪酸（33.0±10.0%）均存在于毛囊栓脂质中。游离脂肪酸和甘油三酯部分的脂肪酸范围为C12至C22。游离脂肪酸的主要成分是C14:0、C15:0、C16:1、C16:0、2-甲基-C17:0和C18:1。在甘油三酯部分中，C14:0、C15:0、C16:0、C18:1和C18:0占主导。游离脂肪酸由正常饱和脂肪酸（50.6%）、正常不饱和脂肪酸（32.8%）和单甲基支链脂肪酸（16.6%）组成；甘油三酯部分含有（86.3%）正常饱和脂肪酸（10.8%）、正常不饱和脂肪酸和（3.0%）单甲基支链脂肪酸。毛囊栓的蜡酯包括从C26:1到C38:0的酯。饱和酯占主导，奇数和偶数酯均有存在。这些酯中最丰富的脂肪酸部分是C16:0和C15:0，而C14:0、C17:0和C20:0是最常检测到的醇部分。
