Downing D T, Stewart M E
Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1987;86(4):667-70. doi: 10.1016/0305-0491(87)90207-0.
Skin surface lipids of the mole Scalopus aquaticus were found to consist principally of squalene (70%), wax esters (15%), and sterol esters (5%), together with small amounts of triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty alcohols, and free sterols. Analysis of the fatty acids occurring free and as wax esters and sterol esters showed these to consist of approximately equal amounts of saturated and monounsaturated compounds. The saturated fatty acids consisted predominantly of odd-carbon anteiso and even-carbon straight-chain compounds, with minor amounts of even-carbon iso-branched chains. The unsaturated fatty acids had double bond positions that would have been produced by delta 9-desaturation of C14, C16 and C18 straight chain saturated precursors. Both the free and the esterified fatty alcohols had chain structures corresponding with those of the fatty acids but of somewhat greater average chain length. Discovery of a major proportion of squalene in the sebum of this animal extends the number of non-human species that have this characteristic to four, all of which inhabit a damp environment, suggesting that squalene conveys some biological advantage under these conditions.
人们发现，麝鼠（Scalopus aquaticus）的皮肤表面脂质主要由角鲨烯（70%）、蜡酯（15%）和甾醇酯（5%）组成，还含有少量甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸、游离脂肪醇和游离甾醇。对游离态以及以蜡酯和甾醇酯形式存在的脂肪酸进行分析后发现，饱和化合物和单不饱和化合物的含量大致相等。饱和脂肪酸主要由奇数碳的反异链和偶数碳的直链化合物组成，还有少量偶数碳的异支链。不饱和脂肪酸的双键位置是由C14、C16和C18直链饱和前体的Δ9去饱和作用产生的。游离态和酯化态的脂肪醇的链结构都与脂肪酸的链结构相对应，但平均链长略长。在这种动物的皮脂中发现大部分角鲨烯，这使得具有这一特征的非人类物种数量增加到了四种，它们都栖息在潮湿的环境中，这表明角鲨烯在这些条件下具有某种生物学优势。
