Mark L S, Shapiro B A, Shaw R E
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986 May;12(2):149-59. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.12.2.149.
Previous studies have shown that the effects of a particular class of geometric transformations, known as cardioidal strain, are perceived as growth when applied to a variety of animate and even inanimate objects. The current study demonstrates that the effects of these growth transformations are not completely independent of the object undergoing change, but depend critically on certain structural characteristics. When cardioidal strain is applied to a straight-line, right-angle, robotlike structure, there is no consistent effect on the age level of the figure. However, as the structural contours become more curved and less angular, the effects of this transformation are seen as increasingly more like growth. In contrast, the effects of a shear transformation are not perceived as growth on any of the profiles. These findings are examined in light of the critical physical properties that may be responsible for this notion of biological forms as well as their implications for our understanding of the information about events.
先前的研究表明，一类特定的几何变换（称为心脏线应变）的效果，当应用于各种有生命甚至无生命的物体时，会被视为生长。当前的研究表明，这些生长变换的效果并非完全独立于正在发生变化的物体，而是严重依赖于某些结构特征。当心脏线应变应用于直线、直角、类似机器人的结构时，对图形的年龄水平没有一致的影响。然而，随着结构轮廓变得更加弯曲且棱角减少，这种变换的效果越来越被视为生长。相比之下，剪切变换的效果在任何轮廓上都不被视为生长。根据可能导致这种生物形态概念的关键物理特性以及它们对我们理解事件信息的影响，对这些发现进行了研究。
