Boyce S J, Pollatsek A, Rayner K
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1989 Aug;15(3):556-66. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.15.3.556.
Previous research using briefly presented displays has indicated that objects in a coherent scene are easier to identify than are objects in incoherent backgrounds. Of interest is whether the identification of the target object depends on the identification of the scene or the identification of other diagnostic objects in the scene. Experiment 1 indicated objects are more difficult to identify when located in an "episodically" inconsistent background even when the same diagnostic objects are present in both inconsistent and consistent backgrounds. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the degree to which noncued (cohort) objects are consistent with the target object has no effect on the object identification task. Experiment 3 showed consistent episodic background information facilitated object identification and inconsistent episodic background information did not interfere relative to "nonsense" backgrounds roughly equated on visual characteristics. Implications for models of scene perception are discussed.
先前使用短暂呈现的显示进行的研究表明，连贯场景中的物体比不连贯背景中的物体更容易识别。有趣的是，目标物体的识别是否取决于场景的识别或场景中其他诊断性物体的识别。实验1表明，即使在不一致和一致的背景中都存在相同的诊断性物体，当物体位于“情节性”不一致的背景中时，也更难识别。实验2表明，非提示（同类）物体与目标物体的一致程度对物体识别任务没有影响。实验3表明，一致的情节性背景信息有助于物体识别，而不一致的情节性背景信息相对于在视觉特征上大致相当的“无意义”背景而言，并不会产生干扰。文中还讨论了这些结果对场景感知模型的启示。
