Sobocińska Justyna, Roszczenko-Jasińska Paula, Ciesielska Anna, Kwiatkowska Katarzyna
Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Front Immunol. 2018 Jan 19;8:2003. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02003. eCollection 2017.
-palmitoylation is a reversible, enzymatic posttranslational modification of proteins in which palmitoyl chain is attached to a cysteine residue a thioester linkage. -palmitoylation determines the functioning of proteins by affecting their association with membranes, compartmentalization in membrane domains, trafficking, and stability. In this review, we focus on -palmitoylation of proteins, which are crucial for the interactions of pathogenic bacteria and viruses with the host. We discuss the role of palmitoylated proteins in the invasion of host cells by bacteria and viruses, and those involved in the host responses to the infection. We highlight recent data on protein -palmitoylation in pathogens and their hosts obtained owing to the development of methods based on click chemistry and acyl-biotin exchange allowing proteomic analysis of protein lipidation. The role of the palmitoyl moiety present in bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipoproteins, contributing to infectivity and affecting recognition of bacteria by innate immune receptors, is also discussed.
棕榈酰化是一种可逆的蛋白质酶促翻译后修饰，其中棕榈酰链通过硫酯键连接到半胱氨酸残基上。棕榈酰化通过影响蛋白质与膜的结合、在膜结构域中的区室化、运输和稳定性来决定蛋白质的功能。在本综述中，我们关注对病原菌和病毒与宿主相互作用至关重要的蛋白质的棕榈酰化。我们讨论了棕榈酰化蛋白在细菌和病毒入侵宿主细胞中的作用，以及那些参与宿主对感染反应的作用。我们重点介绍了由于基于点击化学和酰基生物素交换的方法的发展而获得的关于病原体及其宿主中蛋白质棕榈酰化的最新数据，这些方法允许对蛋白质脂化进行蛋白质组学分析。还讨论了细菌脂多糖和脂蛋白中存在的棕榈酰部分在传染性方面的作用以及对先天免疫受体识别细菌的影响。
