Ratcliff Roger, Huang-Pollock Cynthia, McKoon Gail
The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University and The Ohio State University.
Decision (Wash D C ). 2018 Jan;5(1):42-62. doi: 10.1037/dec0000065. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
The go/no-go task is one in which there are two choices, but the subject responds only to one of them, waiting out a time-out for the other choice. The task has a long history in psychology and modern applications in the clinical/neuropsychological domain. In this article we fit a diffusion model to both experimental and simulated data. The model is the same as the two-choice model and assumes that there are two decision boundaries and termination at one of them produces a response and at the other, the subject waits out the trial. In prior modeling, both two-choice and go/no-go data were fit simultaneously and only group data were fit. Here the model is fit to just go/no-go data for individual subjects. This allows analyses of individual differences which is important for clinical applications. First, we fit the standard two-choice model to two-choice data and fit the go/no-go model to RTs from one of the choices and accuracy from the two-choice data. Parameter values were similar between the models and had high correlations. The go/no-go model was also fit to data from a go/no-go version of the task with the same subjects as the two-choice task. A simulation study with ranges of parameter values that are obtained in practice showed similar parameter recovery between the two-choice and go/no-go models. Results show that a diffusion model with an implicit (no response) boundary can be fit to data with almost the same accuracy as fitting the two-choice model to two-choice data.
“是/否”任务是一种存在两种选择的任务，但受试者只对其中一种选择做出反应，而对另一种选择等待超时。该任务在心理学领域有着悠久的历史，在临床/神经心理学领域也有现代应用。在本文中，我们将扩散模型应用于实验数据和模拟数据。该模型与二选一模型相同，假设存在两个决策边界，在其中一个边界处终止会产生反应，而在另一个边界处，受试者等待试验结束。在之前的建模中，二选一数据和“是/否”数据是同时拟合的，并且只拟合了组数据。在这里，该模型仅适用于个体受试者的“是/否”数据。这使得对个体差异的分析成为可能，而这对于临床应用很重要。首先，我们将标准二选一模型应用于二选一数据，并将“是/否”模型应用于其中一个选择的反应时间以及二选一数据的准确性。模型之间的参数值相似且具有高度相关性。“是/否”模型也适用于与二选一任务相同受试者的“是/否”版本任务的数据。一项对实际获得的参数值范围进行的模拟研究表明，二选一模型和“是/否”模型之间的参数恢复情况相似。结果表明，一个具有隐式（无反应）边界的扩散模型能够以与将二选一模型应用于二选一数据几乎相同的精度拟合数据。
