Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
Department of Radiology, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy.
J Neurol. 2018 Apr;265(4):836-844. doi: 10.1007/s00415-018-8776-0. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
Since 1800s there are reports of post-traumatic anosmia, but few studies investigated post-traumatic gustatory deficit and adopted validated evaluation tests. Peripheral and/or central mechanisms may be involved in the genesis of post-traumatic gustatory dysfunction. Beyond a reduction/loss (hypogeusia/ageusia) of gustatory function following a trauma, qualitative taste changes (dysgeusia) may occur. Especially when persistent, taste deficits might be particularly relevant for patient's quality of life and activities of daily life, but knowledge on this topic is limited. Fifty-three consecutive patients with previous head trauma were recruited. Every patient underwent a careful history taking and thorough olfactory and gustatory chemosensory testing by Sniffin'Sticks Extended test, Whole Mouth Test and Taste Strips Test. All patients had olfactory abnormalities (hyposmia: n = 10, functional anosmia: n = 43), while 10 of them (19%) showed taste deficits (dysgeusia: n = 3, dysgeusia with hypogeusia: n = 1, hypogeusia: n = 5, ageusia: n = 1). Here, we report clinical and neuroimaging data and detailed description of four meaningful cases representing central and peripheral injury patterns. Chemosensory evaluation might be useful to explore taste disorder, a still neglected and underestimated sequela of head trauma.
自 19 世纪以来，有报道称创伤后会发生嗅觉障碍，但很少有研究调查创伤后味觉减退，并采用经过验证的评估测试。外周和/或中枢机制可能参与创伤后味觉功能障碍的发生。除了创伤后味觉功能的降低/丧失（味觉减退/味觉丧失）外，还可能发生味觉变化（味觉障碍）。特别是当味觉缺陷持续存在时，可能会对患者的生活质量和日常生活活动产生特别的影响，但关于这一主题的知识是有限的。我们招募了 53 名连续的头部创伤患者。每位患者均接受详细的病史采集和嗅觉及味觉化学感觉测试，包括嗅棒嗅觉测试扩展版、全口味觉测试和味觉条测试。所有患者均存在嗅觉异常（嗅觉减退：n=10，功能性嗅觉丧失：n=43），其中 10 名患者（19%）存在味觉减退（味觉障碍：n=3，味觉障碍伴味觉减退：n=1，味觉减退：n=5，味觉丧失：n=1）。在此，我们报告了临床和神经影像学数据，并详细描述了四个有意义的病例，代表了中枢和外周损伤模式。化学感觉评估可能有助于探索味觉障碍，这是头部创伤仍然被忽视和低估的后遗症。
