Osuagwu Uchechukwu L, Verkicharla Pavan, Suheimat Marwan, Atchison David A
Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India *
Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Optometry & Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Optom Vis Sci. 2018 Mar;95(3):234-238. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001180.
Myopia prevalence rates differ between racial groups. If the growth of the eye is sensitive to differences in optical input, the difference in spherical aberration between East Asian and Caucasian eyes found in this study may be important in understanding myopia development.
The aim of this study was to determine differences in peripheral wavefront aberrations between two racial groups.
Wavefront aberrations were measured using a COAS-HD aberrometer across the 42 × 32° central visual field on 37 right eyes of young adults (18 Caucasians, 19 East Asians; mean age 21.5 ± 2.4 years). The mean spherical equivalent refraction was -1.94 ± 1.63 diopters (D) with a range of -5.87 to +0.16 D. Effect of race and visual field position on refractions, individual Zernike aberration coefficients up to the fourth order, higher-order root-mean-square aberration, and total root-mean-square aberration were assessed by repeated-measures analysis of covariance.
Caucasians and East Asians had similar relative peripheral myopia across the visual field. All higher-order aberration coefficients were affected by visual field position. Race had no significant effect on any higher-order Zernike coefficient, but the difference in mean vertical coma coefficient (Equation is included in full-text article.)across the visual field (i.e., average of 38 field locations) approached significance, being less positive in Caucasians than in East Asians (P = .08). When correction was made for the Caucasian group being slightly less myopic than the East Asian group, spherical aberration coefficient (Equation is included in full-text article.)was less positive in Caucasians than in East Asians by 0.04 μm (P = .001). The rates of change of coma coefficients across the field were not affected by race.
Caucasians and East Asians had similar relative peripheral myopia, but with less positive spherical aberration coefficient in Caucasians than in East Asians. It remains to be determined whether aberrations have a role in the difference of myopia prevalence rates in different countries.
不同种族群体的近视患病率存在差异。如果眼球的生长对光学输入差异敏感，那么本研究中发现的东亚人和白种人眼睛之间的球差差异可能对理解近视发展具有重要意义。
本研究的目的是确定两个种族群体之间周边波前像差的差异。
使用COAS-HD像差仪在42×32°的中央视野范围内对37名年轻成年人的右眼（18名白种人，19名东亚人；平均年龄21.5±2.4岁）测量波前像差。平均等效球镜度为-1.94±1.63屈光度（D），范围为-5.87至+0.16 D。通过重复测量协方差分析评估种族和视野位置对屈光度、直至四阶的各个泽尼克像差系数、高阶均方根像差和总均方根像差的影响。
白种人和东亚人在整个视野范围内的相对周边近视情况相似。所有高阶像差系数均受视野位置影响。种族对任何高阶泽尼克系数均无显著影响，但整个视野（即38个视野位置的平均值）的平均垂直彗差系数（公式包含在全文中）差异接近显著水平，白种人比东亚人更不呈正值（P = 0.08）。当对白种人群体比东亚人群体近视程度略低进行校正后，白种人的球差系数（公式包含在全文中）比东亚人少0.04μm呈正值（P = 0.001）。整个视野范围内彗差系数的变化率不受种族影响。
白种人和东亚人有相似的相对周边近视，但白种人的球差系数比东亚人更不呈正值。像差是否在不同国家近视患病率差异中起作用仍有待确定。
