说与做：比较行人“想象中的活动”与“实际做的活动”。
Walking the talk: Comparing pedestrian 'activity as imagined' with 'activity as done'.
机构信息
Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, Faculty of Arts, Business and Law, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, Faculty of Arts, Business and Law, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia.
出版信息
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Apr;113:74-84. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.01.016. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
The safety of vulnerable road users, including pedestrians, is an important issue worldwide. In line with the shift towards systems thinking in transport safety, the aim of this study was to compare the normal performance of pedestrians as they navigate the road system with that imagined by road system managers to gain insights into how safety management can be improved for this vulnerable road user group. The Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork framework was used to compare pedestrian activity 'as imagined' and 'as done' at signalised road intersections and railway level crossings. Data regarding 'activity as imagined' was derived from documentation review, and data on 'activity as done' was derived from a semi-naturalistic study of ten participants. It is concluded that in both environments pedestrians exhibited more diversity and variability than anticipated by system managers. Insights for improving the design of the road environment for pedestrians are provided. Further, it is argued that wider changes to the processes used in the design and management of road systems are needed.
弱势道路使用者（包括行人）的安全是全球范围内的一个重要问题。本研究旨在采用系统思维方法来比较行人在道路系统中的正常表现和道路系统管理者所设想的表现，以深入了解如何为这一弱势道路使用者群体改善安全管理。采用系统工作团队事件分析框架来比较信号交叉口和铁路平交道口的行人活动“想象中”和“实际中”的情况。“想象中”的活动数据来源于文件审查，“实际中”的活动数据来源于对十名参与者的半自然主义研究。研究结果表明，在这两种环境中，行人的表现比系统管理者预期的更加多样化和多变。为改善行人道路环境设计提供了相关见解。此外，还需要对道路系统设计和管理中使用的流程进行更广泛的改变。
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