学会应对焦虑：青少年时期到成年职业满意度的长期关联。
Learning to cope with anxiety: Long-term links from adolescence to adult career satisfaction.
机构信息
James Madison University, Department of Psychology, 91 E. Grace St./MSC 7704, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
University of Virginia, Department of Psychology, P.O Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
出版信息
J Adolesc. 2018 Apr;64:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.01.003. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
This study examined the long-term effect of anxiety on career satisfaction for young adults in the United States. The abilities to positively cope with stress and function competently as an adult were examined as potential moderators of this link, and adolescent developmental precursors of these abilities were also investigated. Analyses revealed a negative association between anxiety at age 21 and career satisfaction at age 27. However, this association was ameliorated for youth with better coping skills and functional competence at age 24. Autonomy and relatedness behaviors with best friends and mothers were examined as potential predictors of these moderators, with positive autonomy and relatedness from friends at age 13 emerging as the sole predictor of these skills. Results suggest that although anxiety may inhibit career satisfaction for many youth, positive coping and adult functional competence skills may allow anxious individuals to achieve career satisfaction. Moreover, these skills may be promoted through peer relationships in early adolescence.
本研究考察了焦虑对美国年轻人职业满意度的长期影响。研究还考察了积极应对压力和作为成年人有效发挥功能的能力，作为这种关系的潜在调节因素，以及这些能力在青少年时期的发展前体。分析显示，21 岁时的焦虑与 27 岁时的职业满意度呈负相关。然而，对于 24 岁时应对技巧和功能能力更好的年轻人来说，这种关联有所改善。本研究还考察了与最好的朋友和母亲的自主性和关联性行为，作为这些调节因素的潜在预测因素，13 岁时与朋友的积极自主性和关联性是这些技能的唯一预测因素。研究结果表明，尽管焦虑可能会抑制许多年轻人的职业满意度，但积极的应对和成人的功能能力技能可能会让焦虑的个体获得职业满意度。此外，这些技能可以通过青少年早期的同伴关系来促进。
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