Silverman W P, Silver E J, Sersen E A, Lubin R A, Schwartz A A
Am J Ment Defic. 1986 May;90(6):651-8.
Changes in adaptive competence over a 1-year period of profoundly mentally retarded, physically disabled persons living in a moderately sized residential facility or in small community programs were examined. No evidence was found to indicate that habilitative growth was greater for residents in the small community programs. Indeed, residents of the moderately sized facility showed evidence of skill acquisition whereas community residents declined slightly in adaptive skill. Within community programs, presence of a relevant goal was positively related to change in independent living skills, and clients with musculoskeletal impairments tended to regress in motor and eating skills. These data suggest that client characteristics and habilitative program content are significant predictors of client growth, and size of the residence is probably not as important for delivery of effective services.
对居住在中等规模寄宿机构或小型社区项目中的重度智力障碍、身体残疾人士在一年时间内的适应能力变化进行了研究。没有证据表明小型社区项目中的居民适应性成长更大。事实上，中等规模机构的居民显示出技能习得的迹象，而社区居民的适应技能略有下降。在社区项目中，相关目标的存在与独立生活技能的变化呈正相关，肌肉骨骼受损的客户在运动和进食技能方面往往会退步。这些数据表明，客户特征和适应性项目内容是客户成长的重要预测因素，居住场所的规模对于提供有效服务可能并不那么重要。
