Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2012 Jul;36(7):950-5. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.89. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
To investigate the associations of dietary factors with overweight, body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) among children.
Cross-sectional analysis of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) Study among 510 children (263 boys, 247 girls) aged 6-8 years from Kuopio, Finland.
The children's weight, height, WC and HC were measured. Overweight was defined by International Obesity Task Force body mass index cutoffs. The BF% was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, nutrient intakes and meal frequency by 4-day food records and eating behaviour by Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.
Daily consumption of all the three main meals was inversely associated with overweight (odds ratio (OR) 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18-0.75), BF% (β -0.12, P = 0.012), WC (β -0.16, P = 0.002) and HC (β -0.15, P = 0.002). Enjoyment of food, food responsiveness and emotional overeating were directly associated with overweight (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.04-2.35; OR 4.68, 95% CI 2.90-7.54; OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.52-4.45, respectively), BF% (β 0.13, P = 0.004; β 0.30, P<0.001; β 0.09, P = 0.035, respectively), WC (β 0.14, P = 0.003; β 0.40, P<0.001; β 0.19, P<0.001, respectively) and HC (β 0.15, P = 0.001; β 0.38, P<0.001; β 0.15, P = 0.001, respectively). Satiety responsiveness was inversely associated with overweight (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.26-0.67), BF% (β -0.20, P<0.001), WC (β -0.26, P<0.001) and HC (β -0.26, P<0.001). Slowness in eating was inversely associated with overweight (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.92), WC (β -0.16, P = 0.001) and HC (β -0.17, P<0.001). Protein intake was directly associated with BF% (β 0.11, P = 0.017), WC (β 0.11, P = 0.020) and HC (β 0.13, P = 0.008).
Promoting regular consumption of main meals and healthy eating behaviours should be emphasized in the prevention of overweight among children. More research is needed on the association of protein-rich foods with body adiposity in children.
研究饮食因素与超重、体脂肪百分比（BF%）、腰围（WC）和臀围（HC）在儿童中的相关性。
芬兰库奥皮奥儿童体力活动与营养（PANIC）研究的横断面分析，该研究纳入了 510 名 6-8 岁的儿童（263 名男孩，247 名女孩）。
测量儿童的体重、身高、WC 和 HC。超重的定义是根据国际肥胖任务组的体重指数切点。BF% 通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量，通过 4 天的食物记录测量营养素摄入量和用餐频率，通过儿童饮食行为问卷测量饮食行为。
每日三餐的摄入与超重（比值比（OR）0.37，95%置信区间（CI）0.18-0.75）、BF%（β -0.12，P = 0.012）、WC（β -0.16，P = 0.002）和 HC（β -0.15，P = 0.002）呈负相关。对食物的享受、食物反应性和情绪性暴食与超重（OR 1.57，95%CI 1.04-2.35；OR 4.68，95%CI 2.90-7.54；OR 2.60，95%CI 1.52-4.45）、BF%（β 0.13，P = 0.004；β 0.30，P<0.001；β 0.09，P = 0.035）、WC（β 0.14，P = 0.003；β 0.40，P<0.001；β 0.19，P<0.001）和 HC（β 0.15，P = 0.001；β 0.38，P<0.001；β 0.15，P = 0.001）呈正相关。饱腹感反应与超重（OR 0.42，95%CI 0.26-0.67）、BF%（β -0.20，P<0.001）、WC（β -0.26，P<0.001）和 HC（β -0.26，P<0.001）呈负相关。进食速度与超重（OR 0.61，95%CI 0.41-0.92）、WC（β -0.16，P = 0.001）和 HC（β -0.17，P<0.001）呈负相关。蛋白质摄入量与 BF%（β 0.11，P = 0.017）、WC（β 0.11，P = 0.020）和 HC（β 0.13，P = 0.008）呈正相关。
在预防儿童超重方面，应强调规律摄入正餐和健康的饮食行为。还需要更多的研究来探讨富含蛋白质的食物与儿童体脂肪含量的关系。
