Dzikiti Brighton T, Ndawana Patience S, Dzikiti Loveness N, Stegmann Frik G
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Clinical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018 May;45(3):285-294. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.10.004. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
To determine the minimum infusion rate (MIR) of alfaxalone required to prevent purposeful movement in response to standardized stimulation while co-administered with lidocaine at three different doses by constant infusion rate infusion (CRI) in goats.
Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover, experimental.
A total of eight healthy goats: four does and four wethers.
Anaesthetic induction was with lidocaine at 1 mg kg [low dose of lidocaine (L-Lid)], 2 mg kg [moderate dose (M-Lid)] or 4 mg kg [high dose (H-Lid)] and alfaxalone at 2 mg kg. Anaesthetic maintenance was with alfaxalone initially at 9.6 mg kg hour combined with one of three lidocaine treatments: 3 mg kg hour (L-Lid), 6 mg kg hour (M-Lid) or 12 mg kg hour (H-Lid). The MIR of alfaxalone was determined by testing for responses to a stimulation in the form of clamping on a digit with a Vulsellum forceps every 30 minutes during lidocaine CRI. Basic cardiopulmonary parameters were measured.
The alfaxalone MIRs were 8.64 (6.72-10.56), 6.72 (6.72-8.64) and 6.72 (6.72-6.72) mg kg hour during L-Lid, M-Lid and H-Lid, respectively, without any significant differences among treatments. Compared to the initial rate of 9.6 mg kg hour, these reductions in MIR are equivalent to 10, 30 and 30%, respectively. Significant increases in heart rate (HR) and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO) and decreases in arterial haemoglobin saturation (SaO), arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO) and respiratory frequency (f) immediately after induction were observed during all lidocaine treatments.
Lidocaine reduces the alfaxalone MIR by up to 30% with a tendency towards a plateauing in this effect at high CRIs. Immediate oxygen supplementation might be required to prevent hypoxaemia.
通过恒速输注（CRI），确定在山羊中与三种不同剂量利多卡因联合使用时，预防对标准化刺激产生目的性运动所需的阿法沙龙最低输注速率（MIR）。
前瞻性、盲法、随机交叉实验。
总共八只健康山羊：四只母羊和四只公羊。
麻醉诱导采用1mg/kg利多卡因[低剂量利多卡因（L-Lid）]、2mg/kg[中等剂量（M-Lid）]或4mg/kg[高剂量（H-Lid）]以及2mg/kg阿法沙龙。麻醉维持最初采用9.6mg/kg·小时的阿法沙龙，并联合三种利多卡因治疗之一：3mg/kg·小时（L-Lid）、6mg/kg·小时（M-Lid）或12mg/kg·小时（H-Lid）。在利多卡因CRI期间，每30分钟通过用卵圆钳夹住手指的形式测试对刺激的反应来确定阿法沙龙的MIR。测量基本心肺参数。
在L-Lid、M-Lid和H-Lid期间，阿法沙龙的MIR分别为8.64（6.72 - 10.56）、6.72（6.72 - 8.64）和6.72（6.72 - 6.72）mg/kg·小时，各治疗组之间无显著差异。与初始速率9.6mg/kg·小时相比，这些MIR的降低分别相当于10%、30%和30%。在所有利多卡因治疗期间，诱导后立即观察到心率（HR）和动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO）显著升高，动脉血红蛋白饱和度（SaO）、动脉血氧分压（PaO）和呼吸频率（f）降低。
利多卡因可使阿法沙龙的MIR降低高达30%，在高CRI时这种作用有趋于平稳的趋势。可能需要立即补充氧气以预防低氧血症。
