Brioschi Federica A, Gioeni Daniela, Jacchetti Andrea, Carotenuto Alessandra M
Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy.
Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018 Mar;45(2):190-194. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.09.042. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
To evaluate whether subcutaneous (SC) metoclopramide (0.2 mg kg) administered 30 minutes prior to (T30) or simultaneously with (T0) intramuscular (IM) morphine (0.2 mg kg) and dexmedetomidine (0.003 mg kg) reduces the incidence of nausea and emesis in healthy dogs.
Prospective, randomized and blinded study.
A total of 45 dogs scheduled for elective procedures.
Dogs were assigned randomly to three groups to be administered SC metoclopramide (0.2 mg kg) 30 minutes before (group M30) or simultaneously (group M0) to IM morphine (0.2 mg kg) and dexmedetomidine (0.003 mg kg). Dogs in the control group (group C) were administered SC saline at T30 and T0. Dogs were observed for 30 minutes after premedication to evaluate signs of nausea (continuous lip-licking and sialorrhoea) and emesis. Signs of pain or discomfort caused by SC injections were also recorded.
There were no statistical differences amongst groups for age, body weight and sex. More dogs developed continuous lip-licking in group C (12/15, 80.0%) compared to dogs in group M30 (1/15, 6.7%) and dogs in group M0 (5/15, 33.3%; p = 0.0001 and p = 0.01, respectively). More dogs developed sialorrhoea in group M0 (8/15, 53.3%) and in group C (10/15, 66.7%) compared to dogs in group M30 (2/15, 13.3%; p = 0.03 and p = 0.004, respectively). More dogs vomited in group M0 (4/15, 26.7%) and in group C (9/15, 60.0%) compared to dogs in group M30 (0/15, 0.0%; p = 0.05 and p = 0.0003, respectively). None of the dogs demonstrated signs of pain or discomfort during SC metoclopramide injection.
Subcutaneous metoclopramide at 0.2 mg kg may reduce IM morphine and dexmedetomidine-induced nausea and emesis if administered 30 minutes in advance. It is effective in reducing lip-licking even when administered concurrently with IM morphine-dexmedetomidine.
评估在肌肉注射（IM）吗啡（0.2mg/kg）和右美托咪定（0.003mg/kg）前30分钟（T30）或同时（T0）皮下注射（SC）甲氧氯普胺（0.2mg/kg）是否能降低健康犬恶心和呕吐的发生率。
前瞻性、随机、盲法研究。
总共45只计划进行择期手术的犬。
将犬随机分为三组，分别在IM吗啡（0.2mg/kg）和右美托咪定（0.003mg/kg）前30分钟（M30组）或同时（M0组）皮下注射甲氧氯普胺（0.2mg/kg）。对照组（C组）的犬在T30和T0时皮下注射生理盐水。在给予预处理药物后观察犬30分钟，以评估恶心（持续舔唇和流涎）和呕吐的体征。还记录了皮下注射引起的疼痛或不适体征。
三组在年龄、体重和性别方面无统计学差异。与M30组（1/15，6.7%）和M0组（5/15，33.3%）相比，C组更多犬出现持续舔唇（12/15，80.0%；p分别为0.0001和0.01）。与M30组（2/15，13.3%）相比，M0组（8/15，53.3%）和C组（10/15，66.7%）更多犬出现流涎（p分别为0.03和0.004）。与M30组（0/15，0.0%）相比，M0组（4/15，26.7%）和C组（9/15，60.0%）更多犬呕吐（p分别为0.05和0.0003）。在皮下注射甲氧氯普胺期间，没有犬表现出疼痛或不适体征。
0.2mg/kg的皮下甲氧氯普胺如果提前30分钟给药，可能会降低IM吗啡和右美托咪定引起的恶心和呕吐。即使与IM吗啡-右美托咪定同时给药，它在减少舔唇方面也是有效的。
