Lee Jack A, Como Katie, Zhu Xiaojuan, Schildt Julie
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Mar 17;12:1554107. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1554107. eCollection 2025.
Emesis is commonly induced in the veterinary setting due to toxin or foreign material ingestion. The dopamine agonist apomorphine is commonly used for this indication. The novel dopamine-2 specific agonist ropinirole was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this indication in 2020. Data to compare the efficacy and adverse effects profile of these medications is important for clinical decision making.
This blinded randomized crossover trial compared the efficacy of intravenous apomorphine to ophthalmic ropinirole in 24 healthy dogs. Factors assessed include efficacy at inducing vomiting within 20 min, need for redosing of the emetic agent, time to start of emesis, and incidence of adverse effects.
Both apomorphine and ropinirole were highly effective at emesis induction, with 95.8 and 100% success rates, respectively, and no difference between groups. Repeated dosing was needed after 20 min in 25% of the apomorphine group and 8.3% of the ropinirole group for successful emesis induction. Median time to onset was significantly shorter with apomorphine (1.18 min) than ropinirole (8.85 min). Incidence of adverse effects was similar, with a higher incidence of ocular redness and protracted vomiting in the ropinirole group.
These results suggest similar efficacy of ropinirole compared to apomorphine, with similar adverse effect rates.
在兽医临床中，呕吐通常是由摄入毒素或异物引起的。多巴胺激动剂阿扑吗啡常用于此适应症。新型多巴胺-2特异性激动剂罗匹尼罗于2020年获美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于该适应症。比较这些药物的疗效和不良反应情况的数据对于临床决策很重要。
这项双盲随机交叉试验比较了静脉注射阿扑吗啡与眼部使用罗匹尼罗对24只健康犬的疗效。评估的因素包括20分钟内诱导呕吐的疗效、催吐剂再次给药的必要性、呕吐开始时间以及不良反应的发生率。
阿扑吗啡和罗匹尼罗在诱导呕吐方面都非常有效，成功率分别为95.8%和100%，两组之间无差异。为成功诱导呕吐，阿扑吗啡组25%的犬和罗匹尼罗组8.3%的犬在20分钟后需要重复给药。阿扑吗啡的中位起效时间（1.18分钟）明显短于罗匹尼罗（8.85分钟）。不良反应发生率相似，罗匹尼罗组眼部发红和持续性呕吐的发生率较高。
这些结果表明，与阿扑吗啡相比，罗匹尼罗的疗效相似，不良反应发生率也相似。
