Lorenzutti Augusto M, Martín-Flores Manuel, Litterio Nicolás J, Himelfarb Martín A, Invaldi Sergio H, Zarazaga María P
Cátedra de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Argentina (Lorenzutti, Litterio, Himelfarb, Invaldi, Zarazaga); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA (Martin-Flores).
Can Vet J. 2017 Jan;58(1):35-38.
Morphine is widely used as a preanesthetic agent in dogs, but it often produces signs of nausea and vomiting. Maropitant (MRP) and metoclopramide (MCP) prevent emesis attributable to the opioid agent apomorphine in dogs. We evaluated the antiemetic efficacy and the discomfort in response to SQ injection of MRP [1 mg/kg body weight (BW)], MCP (0.5 mg/kg BW), and normal saline (SAL; 0.1 mL/kg BW) administered to 63 dogs, 45 minutes prior to morphine (0.5 mg/kg BW) and acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg BW). Dogs were observed for signs of nausea (ptyalism, lip licking, and increased swallowing) and vomiting for 30 minutes after morphine/acepromazine. The incidence of emesis was 0% for MRP, 38% for MCP, and 71% for SAL ( < 0.001). The incidence of signs of nausea was not different between groups. Discomfort due to injection was higher after MRP (48%), than after MCP (9.8%) and SAL (4.8%) ( < 0.001).
吗啡在犬类中被广泛用作麻醉前用药，但它常常会引发恶心和呕吐症状。马罗匹坦（MRP）和甲氧氯普胺（MCP）可预防犬类因阿片类药物阿扑吗啡引起的呕吐。我们评估了皮下注射MRP（1毫克/千克体重）、MCP（0.5毫克/千克体重）和生理盐水（SAL；0.1毫升/千克体重）对63只犬的止吐效果以及不适反应，给药时间为在注射吗啡（0.5毫克/千克体重）和乙酰丙嗪（0.05毫克/千克体重）前45分钟。在注射吗啡/乙酰丙嗪后，观察犬类30分钟，记录恶心（流涎、舔唇和吞咽增加）和呕吐症状。MRP组的呕吐发生率为0%，MCP组为38%，SAL组为71%（P<0.001）。各组之间恶心症状的发生率没有差异。MRP注射后引起的不适（48%）高于MCP（9.8%）和SAL（4.8%）（P<0.001）。
