癌细胞中的长非编码 RNA

Long noncoding RNAs in cancer cells.

机构信息

College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.

出版信息

Cancer Lett. 2018 Apr 10;419:152-166. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.053.

DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.053

Abstract

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has recently been investigated as key modulators that regulate many biological processes in human cancers via diverse mechanisms. LncRNAs can interact with macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, or protein to exert cellular effects and to act as either tumor promoters or tumor suppressors in various malignancies. Moreover, the aberrant expression of lncRNAs may be detected in multiple cancer phenotypes by employing the rapidly developing modern gene chip technology and bioinformatics analysis. Herein, we highlight the mechanisms of action of lncRNAs, their functional cellular roles and their involvement in cancer progression. Finally, we provide an overview of recent progress in the lncRNA field and future potential for lncRNAs as cancer diagnostic markers and therapeutics.

摘要

长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）最近被研究为关键的调节剂，通过多种机制调节人类癌症中的许多生物学过程。lncRNA 可以与 DNA、RNA 或蛋白质等大分子相互作用，发挥细胞效应，并在各种恶性肿瘤中作为肿瘤促进剂或肿瘤抑制因子发挥作用。此外，通过快速发展的现代基因芯片技术和生物信息学分析，可以在多种癌症表型中检测到 lncRNA 的异常表达。本文重点介绍了 lncRNA 的作用机制、功能细胞作用及其在癌症进展中的作用。最后，我们概述了 lncRNA 领域的最新进展以及将 lncRNA 作为癌症诊断标志物和治疗靶点的未来潜力。