Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Environ Pollut. 2018 May;236:432-441. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.102.
The neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid is used in Bangladesh for a variety of crop protection purposes. Imidacloprid may contaminate aquatic ecosystems via spray drift, surface runoff and ground water leaching. The present study aimed at assessing the fate and effects of imidacloprid on structural (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates and periphyton) and functional (organic matter decomposition) endpoints of freshwater, sub-tropical ecosystems in Bangladesh. Imidacloprid was applied weekly to 16 freshwater microcosms (PVC tanks containing 400 L de-chlorinated tap water) at nominal concentrations of 0, 30, 300, 3000 ng/L over a period of 4 weeks. Results indicated that imidacloprid concentrations from the microcosm water column declined rapidly. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed significant effects of imidacloprid on the zooplankton and macroinvertebrate community, some individual phytoplankton taxa, and water quality variables (i.e. DO, alkalinity, ammonia and nitrate), with Cloeon sp., Diaptomus sp. and Keratella sp. being the most affected species, i.e. showing lower abundance values in all treatments compared to the control. The observed high sensitivity of Cloeon sp. and Diaptomus sp. was confirmed by the results of single species tests. No significant effects were observed on the species composition of the phytoplankton, periphyton biomass and organic matter decomposition for any of the sampling days. Our study indicates that (sub-)tropical aquatic ecosystems can be much more sensitive to imidacloprid compared to temperate ones.
新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉在孟加拉国被广泛用于各种作物保护用途。吡虫啉可能通过喷雾漂移、地表径流和地下水淋溶而污染水生生态系统。本研究旨在评估吡虫啉对孟加拉国亚热带淡水生态系统结构（浮游植物、浮游动物、大型无脊椎动物和周丛生物）和功能（有机物分解）指标的归宿和影响。在 4 周的时间里，每周向 16 个淡水微宇宙（含有 400 L 去氯自来水的 PVC 罐）中以 0、30、300 和 3000ng/L 的名义浓度添加吡虫啉，每周添加一次。结果表明，微宇宙水柱中的吡虫啉浓度迅速下降。单变量和多变量分析表明，吡虫啉对浮游动物和大型无脊椎动物群落、一些浮游植物分类群以及水质变量（即 DO、碱度、氨和硝酸盐）有显著影响，Cloeon sp.、Diaptomus sp. 和Keratella sp.是受影响最大的物种，即与对照组相比，所有处理中的丰度值都较低。单种测试的结果证实了 Cloeon sp. 和 Diaptomus sp. 的高敏感性。在任何采样日，都未观察到浮游植物、周丛生物生物量和有机物分解的物种组成有任何显著影响。我们的研究表明，与温带生态系统相比，（亚热带）热带水生生态系统可能对吡虫啉更为敏感。
