Thor Peter, Vermandele Fanny, Carignan Marie-Helene, Jacque Sarah, Calosi Piero
Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway.
Université du Québec à Rimouski, Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Rimouski, Canada.
PLoS One. 2018 Feb 7;13(2):e0192496. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192496. eCollection 2018.
Widespread ocean acidification (OA) is transforming the chemistry of the global ocean and the Arctic is recognised as the region where this transformation will occur at the fastest rate. Moreover, many Arctic species are considered less capable of tolerating OA due to their lower capacity for acid-base regulation. This inability may put severe restraints on many fundamental functions, such as growth and reproductive investments, which ultimately may result in reduced fitness. However, maternal effects may alleviate severe effects on the offspring rendering them more tolerant to OA. In a highly replicated experiment we studied maternal and direct effects of OA predicted for the Arctic shelf seas on egg hatching time and success in the keystone copepod species Calanus glacialis. We incubated females at present day conditions (pHT 8.0) and year 2100 extreme conditions (pHT 7.5) during oogenesis and subsequently reciprocally transplanted laid eggs between these two conditions. Statistical tests showed no effects of maternal or direct exposure to OA at this level. We hypothesise that C. glacialis may be physiologically adapted to egg production at low pH since oogenesis can also take place at conditions of potentially low haemolymph pH of the mother during hibernation in the deep.
广泛的海洋酸化（OA）正在改变全球海洋的化学性质，而北极被认为是这种转变将以最快速度发生的地区。此外，许多北极物种由于其酸碱调节能力较低，被认为对海洋酸化的耐受性较差。这种无能可能会对许多基本功能，如生长和繁殖投入，造成严重限制，最终可能导致适应性下降。然而，母体效应可能会减轻对后代的严重影响，使其对海洋酸化更具耐受性。在一项高度重复的实验中，我们研究了北极陆架海域预测的海洋酸化对关键桡足类物种冰川哲水蚤（Calanus glacialis）的卵孵化时间和成功率的母体效应和直接效应。我们在卵子发生期间将雌性个体分别置于当前条件（pH值8.0）和2100年极端条件（pH值7.5）下进行培养，随后在这两种条件之间相互移植产下的卵。统计测试表明，在这个水平上，母体或直接暴露于海洋酸化均无影响。我们推测，冰川哲水蚤可能在生理上适应了在低pH值条件下产卵，因为在深度冬眠期间，卵子发生也可能在母体血淋巴pH值可能较低的条件下进行。
