Brain Metastasis and Neurovascular Disease Modeling Lab, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India.
Medical Imaging Lab, Centre for Biomedical Engineering, IIT, Delhi, India.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2018 Oct;447(1-2):77-92. doi: 10.1007/s11010-018-3294-z. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
Cancer remains a global health problem and approximately 1.7 million new cancer cases are diagnosed every year worldwide. Although diverse molecules are currently being explored as targets for cancer therapy the tumor treatment and therapy is highly tricky. Secondary messengers are important for hormone-mediated signaling pathway. Cyclic AMP (cAMP), a secondary messenger responsible for various physiological processes regulates cell metabolism by activating Protein kinase A (PKA) and by targeting exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC). EPAC is present in two isoforms EPAC1 and EPAC2, which exhibit different tissue distribution and is involved in GDP/GTP exchange along with activating Rap1- and Rap2-mediated signaling pathways. EPAC is also known for its dual role in cancer as pro- and anti-proliferative in addition to metastasis. Results after perturbing EPAC activity suggests its involvement in cancer cell migration, proliferation, and cytoskeleton remodeling which makes it a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatments.
癌症仍然是一个全球性的健康问题，全球每年约有 170 万例新癌症病例被诊断。尽管目前正在探索多种分子作为癌症治疗的靶点，但肿瘤的治疗和治疗极具挑战性。第二信使对于激素介导的信号通路非常重要。环腺苷酸（cAMP）是一种负责各种生理过程的第二信使，通过激活蛋白激酶 A（PKA）和靶向 cAMP 直接激活的交换蛋白（EPAC）来调节细胞代谢。EPAC 有两种同工型 EPAC1 和 EPAC2，它们表现出不同的组织分布，并参与 GDP/GTP 交换，同时激活 Rap1 和 Rap2 介导的信号通路。EPAC 还因其在癌症中的双重作用而闻名，既有促增殖作用，也有抗增殖作用，此外还有转移作用。干扰 EPAC 活性的结果表明，它参与了癌细胞的迁移、增殖和细胞骨架重塑，这使其成为癌症治疗的潜在治疗靶点。
