Mrożek-Budzyn Dorota, Kiełtyka Agnieszka, Majewska Renata, Mróz Elżbieta
Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow
Sanitary Inspection in Myslenice
Przegl Epidemiol. 2017;71(4):595-602.
The improving epidemiological situation of the most of communicable diseases causes, that the real and potential risks attributable to them have been forgotten. The aim of study was to determine the mothers knowledge about vaccine preventable diseases
A survey was conducted among 177 randomly selected mothers. The interviews with mothers hospitalized after childbearing in two hospitals in Krakow and Myslenice were conducted at the end of 2014 and in 2015
The assessment of risk to develop an infectious diseases in unvaccinated children significantly varied among mothers. Individual respondents claimed that the risk does not exist regarding each of considered disease. The highest percentage of that kind of answers was related to poliomyelitis – 3.9% of mothers assessed that unvaccinated children have no risk to become ill. The similar percentage of respondents assessed a risk as remote probable regarding poliomyelitis, pertussis and hepatitis A - 16.8%, 15.2% and 16.3%, respectively. The highest risk was attributed to varicella – 50.6% mothers gave that answers. Mothers could not state a risk of disease developing mostly with regard to poliomyelitis, diphtheria, hepatitis A and pertussis – 42.7%, 38.2%, 33.7% and 33.2%, respectively. Relatively high percentage of respondents stated a mild course of that kind of diseases like varicella, mumps, rubella, infectious diarrhea and measles - from 17.4% with respect to measles to 34.3% regarding varicella. To life-threating category mothers primarily included sepsis (74.2%), meningitis and tick-borne encephalitis (each obtained 68.5% answers)
Mothers knowledge about vaccine preventable diseases varied depending on the type of disease. The lack of awareness of the risk related to communicable diseases regarded not only those diseases which have not been occurred in Poland for many years but also those ones that still represent significant epidemiological problem. The society too often has an opinion that some diseases like varicella, mumps or rubella are the mild diseases what can conduce to easy withdrawal from those vaccinations
大多数传染病的流行病学状况有所改善，致使人们忘记了由它们所致的实际和潜在风险。本研究的目的是确定母亲们对疫苗可预防疾病的了解情况。
对177名随机挑选的母亲进行了一项调查。2014年底和2015年，在克拉科夫和米斯莱尼采的两家医院对产后住院的母亲进行了访谈。
母亲们对未接种疫苗儿童患传染病风险的评估差异很大。个别受访者称，对于每种所考虑的疾病，风险都不存在。这类回答中占比最高的与脊髓灰质炎有关——3.9%的母亲认为未接种疫苗的儿童没有患病风险。类似比例的受访者认为脊髓灰质炎、百日咳和甲型肝炎的风险极小——分别为16.8%、15.2%和16.3%。最高风险归因于水痘——50.6%的母亲给出了这样的回答。母亲们大多无法说出脊髓灰质炎、白喉、甲型肝炎和百日咳发病的风险——分别为42.7%、38.2%、33.7%和33.2%。相对较高比例的受访者称水痘、腮腺炎、风疹、感染性腹泻和麻疹等这类疾病病程较轻——从麻疹的17.4%到水痘的34.3%。母亲们主要将败血症（74.2%）、脑膜炎和蜱传脑炎（均有68.5%的回答）归为威胁生命的类别。
母亲们对疫苗可预防疾病的了解因疾病类型而异。对传染病相关风险缺乏认识不仅涉及那些在波兰多年未发生的疾病，还包括那些仍然构成重大流行病学问题的疾病。社会上常常认为水痘、腮腺炎或风疹等一些疾病是轻症，这可能导致轻易放弃接种这些疫苗。
