Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, Km. 6 antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, C.P, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, C.P, 97203, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018 Feb 8;18(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12906-018-2122-z.
Ocimum micranthum Willd is a plant used in traditional medicine practiced in the region of the Yucatan peninsula. In particular, it is used for the treatment of cutaneous infections and wound healing, however there are currently no existing scientific studies that support these applications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and the in vitro proliferative activity (on healthy mammalian cell lines) of the essential oil and extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) of this plant.
The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oil and aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ocimum micranthum leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans was determined using the microdilution technique. The in vitro proliferative activity of human fibroblast (hFB) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells treated with these extracts was evaluated using the MTT test. The hFB cell line was also evaluated using Trypan Blue assay.
Candida albicans was more susceptible to the ethanolic extract and the aqueous extract (MIC value of 5 μL/mL and 80 μL/mL respectively). In the case of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the MIC of the aqueous and ethanolic extract was 125 μL/mL. The aqueous extract showed a significant (p < 0.05) antiproliferative effect on hFB cells at a concentration of 4%, with cell proliferation percentage values of 73.56% and 20.59% by MTT method and Trypan Blue assay, respectively; the same effect was observed for the ethanolic extract at concentration from 0.06% to 0.25% using MTT method and at a concentration from 0.125% to 0.25% using Trypan Blue assay. In CHO-K1 cells an antiproliferative effect was observed at a concentration of 8% of aqueous extract and from 0.06% to 0.25% of ethanolic extract using the MTT method.
These assays showed that low concentrations of essential oil and extracts of Ocimum micranthum leaves are sufficient to cause an antiproliferative effect on the hFB cell line but do not produce an antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms evaluated. More studies are necessary to improve understanding of the mechanism of action of the compounds implicated in the bioactivities shown by the crude extracts.
奥图姆·米卡兰图姆·威尔德是一种植物，用于尤卡坦半岛地区的传统医学。特别是，它被用于治疗皮肤感染和伤口愈合，但目前没有现有的科学研究支持这些应用。本研究的目的是评估该植物的精油和提取物（水提和醇提）的抗菌和体外增殖活性（在健康哺乳动物细胞系上）。
采用微量稀释法测定奥图姆·米卡兰图姆叶片精油及水提物和醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。采用 MTT 试验评价这些提取物对人成纤维细胞（hFB）和中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO-K1）细胞的体外增殖活性。还用台盼蓝试验评价 hFB 细胞系。
白色念珠菌对醇提物和水提物最敏感（MIC 值分别为 5 μL/mL 和 80 μL/mL）。对于金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌，水提物和醇提物的 MIC 值均为 125 μL/mL。水提物在 4%浓度时对 hFB 细胞表现出显著的（p<0.05）增殖抑制作用，MTT 法和台盼蓝法检测的细胞增殖率分别为 73.56%和 20.59%；MTT 法检测时，醇提物在 0.06%至 0.25%浓度下，台盼蓝法检测时在 0.125%至 0.25%浓度下，均观察到相同的作用。MTT 法检测时，在 8%浓度的水提物和 0.06%至 0.25%浓度的醇提物作用下，CHO-K1 细胞表现出增殖抑制作用。
这些试验表明，低浓度的奥图姆·米卡兰图姆叶片精油和提取物足以对 hFB 细胞系产生增殖抑制作用，但对评价的微生物没有抗菌作用。需要进一步研究以提高对参与粗提取物显示的生物活性的化合物作用机制的理解。
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