Medical Entomology & Zoonoses Ecology, Emergency Response Department Science & Technology, Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG, United Kingdom.
Medical Entomology & Zoonoses Ecology, Emergency Response Department Science & Technology, Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG, United Kingdom.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2018 Mar;9(3):605-614. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.01.011. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Public Health England's passive Tick Surveillance Scheme (TSS) records the distribution, seasonality and host associations of ticks submitted from across the United Kingdom (UK), and helps to inform the UK government on emerging tick-borne disease risks. Here we summarise data collected through surveillance during 2010-2016, and compare with previous TSS data from 2005 to 2009, particularly in relation to the primary Lyme borreliosis vector Ixodes ricinus. 4173 records were submitted, constituting >14,000 ticks; 97% were endemic tick records (13,833 ticks of 11 species), with an additional 97 records of imported ticks (438 ticks of 17 species). Tick submissions were mainly from veterinary professionals (n = 1954; 46.8%) and members of the public and amateur entomologists (n = 1600; 38.3%), as well as from academic institutions (n = 249; 6.0%), wildlife groups (n = 239; 5.7%) and health professionals (n = 131; 3.1%). The most commonly reported hosts of endemic ticks were dogs (n = 1593; 39.1% of all records), humans (n = 835; 20.5%) and cats (n = 569; 14%). New host associations were recorded for a number of tick species. Ixodes ricinus was the most frequently recorded endemic tick species (n = 2413; 59.2% of all records), followed by I. hexagonus (n = 1355; 33.2%), I. canisuga (n = 132; 3.2%) and I. frontalis (n = 56; 1.4%), with other species each making up <1% total records. 81% of I. ricinus recorded from humans were nymphs, whereas 93.4% of I. ricinus from companion animals were adults. Recent TSS records of I. ricinus in the UK add a considerable amount of new presence data for this species, particularly in the southern regions of England, and confirm that this species is widespread across the UK. The scheme remains a valuable method of collecting continuous national distribution data on ticks from a variety of host species.
英国公共卫生署的被动蜱监测计划（TSS）记录了来自英国各地的蜱虫分布、季节性和宿主关联信息，有助于英国政府了解新出现的蜱传疾病风险。在这里，我们总结了 2010-2016 年监测期间收集的数据，并与之前 2005-2009 年的 TSS 数据进行了比较，特别是与主要的莱姆病传播媒介硬蜱属（Ixodes ricinus）有关的数据。共提交了 4173 条记录，构成了>14000 只蜱虫；97%为地方性蜱虫记录（11 种的 13833 只），另有 97 条进口蜱虫记录（17 种的 438 只）。蜱虫提交主要来自兽医专业人员（n=1954；46.8%）和公众及业余昆虫学家（n=1600；38.3%），以及学术机构（n=249；6.0%）、野生动物组织（n=239；5.7%）和卫生专业人员（n=131；3.1%）。地方性蜱虫最常报告的宿主是狗（n=1593；所有记录的 39.1%）、人类（n=835；20.5%）和猫（n=569；14%）。一些蜱种的新宿主关联被记录下来。硬蜱属（Ixodes ricinus）是最常被记录的地方性蜱种（n=2413；所有记录的 59.2%），其次是 Hexagonixodes hexagonus（n=1355；33.2%）、Ixodes canisuga（n=132；3.2%）和Ixodes frontalis（n=56；1.4%），其他物种各占总记录的<1%。从人类身上采集的硬蜱属（Ixodes ricinus）中，81%为若虫，而从伴侣动物身上采集的硬蜱属（Ixodes ricinus）中，93.4%为成虫。英国最近的硬蜱属（Ixodes ricinus）记录增加了该物种的大量新出现数据，特别是在英格兰南部地区，并证实该物种在英国广泛存在。该计划仍然是收集来自各种宿主物种的蜱虫连续国家分布数据的一种有价值的方法。
