Tróbert Anett Mária, Széman Zsuzsanna
Mentálhigiéné Intézet, Semmelweis Egyetem, Egészségügyi Közszolgálati Kar Budapest.
Orv Hetil. 2018 Feb;159(8):312-319. doi: 10.1556/650.2018.30959.
According to statistical data, the number of healthy life years is not increasing in proportion with the longer average life expectancy. In the ageing societies, the long-term care systems are increasingly overburdened; cost-efficient operation and the related coordination of services is one of the key questions for their sustainability. The present separation of the health care and social care systems causes numerous difficulties. One aim of the online research by questionnaire was to survey the attitude of general practitioners - who play a very important part in care for the elderly - towards their elder patients, the patients' family members, and social workers providing eldercare. The other aim was to gather information on shortcomings experienced by doctors in the care system and on what possibilities general practitioners see for the improvement of eldercare. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied and analysed by descriptive and content methodology. The questionnaires were sent out to 5060 addresses around the country: a total of 145 were returned filled in. The respondents made many recommendations for the improvement of eldercare in the categories of development of social services, family support, development of health services, and societal cooperation. The areas in need of development named by the general practitioners are closely interrelated: the reform of social care would support the health care system and vice versa. More effective operation of the health and social care systems would ease the burdens of families, and at the same time encourage more active participation of families in the care process. And the systematic education of society and communities is a long-term investment that would strengthen a positive attitude towards old age and a value-oriented view of the ageing process that is one of the basic conditions for successful social integration of the elderly. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(8): 312-319.
根据统计数据，健康生命年数并未随着平均预期寿命的延长而成比例增加。在老龄化社会中，长期护理系统的负担日益加重；具有成本效益的运营以及相关服务协调是其可持续性的关键问题之一。目前医疗保健系统和社会护理系统的分离造成了诸多困难。通过问卷调查进行在线研究的一个目的是调查全科医生（他们在老年人护理中发挥着非常重要的作用）对老年患者、患者家属以及提供老年护理的社会工作者的态度。另一个目的是收集有关医生在护理系统中遇到的不足以及全科医生认为改善老年护理有哪些可能性的信息。采用了半结构化问卷，并通过描述性和内容分析方法进行分析。问卷被发送到全国5060个地址：共收到145份填写好的回复。受访者在社会服务发展、家庭支持、健康服务发展和社会合作等类别中提出了许多改善老年护理的建议。全科医生指出的需要发展的领域密切相关：社会护理改革将支持医疗保健系统，反之亦然。健康和社会护理系统更有效的运作将减轻家庭负担，同时鼓励家庭更积极地参与护理过程。对社会和社区进行系统教育是一项长期投资，这将强化对老年的积极态度以及对老龄化过程的价值导向观点，这是老年人成功融入社会的基本条件之一。《匈牙利医学周报》。2018年；159(8)：312 - 319。
