Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.
Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2018 Apr;42:805-813. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.12.031. Epub 2017 Dec 16.
The present work deals with ultrasound assisted enzymatic degumming (UAED) of crude soybean oil quantifying the extent of degumming (EOD), cavitational yield and synergistic index (f) for the combination approaches. The effect of different operating parameters such as enzyme loading, pH, presence of water, temperature and ultrasonic power on the EOD has been investigated. Ultrasound combined with enzyme at loading of 2.0 ml/L resulted in EOD as 92.2% under ambient conditions. Addition of water (5%) in combination with ultrasound and enzyme at 2.0 ml/L loading and pH of 5 resulted in maximum EOD (98.4%) in 120 min of treatment. The extent of phospholipid separation was also observed to be dependent on the power dissipation and maximum phospholipids separation was obtained at 100 W. Scale-up studies were performed at 500 ml and 1 L operating volume under optimized conditions of 2.0 ml/L as the enzyme loading, pH of 5, 5% water addition and ultrasonic power of 100 W where 93.63% and 91.15% phospholipid separation respectively was obtained. The effects of ultrasonic treatment were also quantified in terms of the acid value reduction and oxidative stability for the processed oil. It was demonstrated that suitable reduction in acid value (final value less than 1) and oxidative stability (TOTOX less than 4) is effectively obtained using UAED. Overall the approach of UAED was established to show much higher efficacy for soybean oil processing as compared to only ultrasound or only enzymatic treatment.
本工作研究了超声辅助酶法脱胶（UAED）对粗大豆油的作用，定量评估了脱胶程度（EOD）、空化产率和协同指数（f）。考察了不同操作参数，如酶用量、pH 值、水的存在、温度和超声功率对 EOD 的影响。在环境条件下，超声与 2.0 ml/L 酶用量结合，EOD 达到 92.2%。在 2.0 ml/L 酶用量和 pH 值为 5 的条件下，添加 5%的水与超声联合作用，处理 120 min 可获得最大的 EOD（98.4%）。还观察到磷脂分离程度也取决于能量耗散，在 100 W 时获得最大的磷脂分离。在优化条件下（酶用量 2.0 ml/L、pH 值 5、添加 5%的水和超声功率 100 W）在 500 ml 和 1 L 操作体积下进行放大研究，分别获得 93.63%和 91.15%的磷脂分离。还根据加工油的酸值降低和氧化稳定性来量化超声处理的效果。结果表明，UAED 可有效降低酸值（最终值小于 1）和提高氧化稳定性（TOTOX 小于 4）。总的来说，与仅超声或仅酶处理相比，UAED 方法在大豆油加工方面显示出更高的功效。
