Kumari Suneeta, Malik Mansoor, Florival Christina, Manalai Partam, Sonje Snezana
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA.
J Addict Res Ther. 2017;8(3). doi: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000324. Epub 2017 May 11.
Scales measuring positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia remain the primary mo Scales measuring positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia remain the primary mode of assessing and diagnosing schizophrenia by clinicians and researchers. The scales are mainly used to monitor the severity of positive and negative symptoms and track treatment response in schizophrenics. Although these scales are widely used, quality as well as general utility of each scale varies. The quality is determined by the validity and reliability of the scales. The utility of the scale is determined by the time of administration and the settings for which the scales can be administered in research or clinical settings. There are relatively fewer articles on the utility of newer scales like CAINS (Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms) and the BNSS (Brief Negative Symptom Scale) that compare them to the older scales PANSS (Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale), SAPS (Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms) SANS (the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms), NSA-16 (Negative Symptom Assessment-16) and CGI-SCH (Clinical Global Impression Schizophrenia. The older scales were developed more than 30 years ago. Since then, our understanding of negative symptoms has evolved and currently there are newer rating scales evaluating the validity of negative symptoms. The older scales do not incorporate the latest research on negative symptoms. CAINS and BNSS are attractive for both their reliability and their concise accessible format, however, a scale that is simpler, accessible, user-friendly, that incorporates a multidimensional model of schizophrenia, addresses the psychosocial and cognitive component has yet to be developed.
评估精神分裂症阳性和阴性症状的量表仍然是临床医生和研究人员评估和诊断精神分裂症的主要方式。这些量表主要用于监测精神分裂症患者阳性和阴性症状的严重程度，并跟踪治疗反应。尽管这些量表被广泛使用，但每个量表的质量和总体效用各不相同。质量由量表的效度和信度决定。量表的效用由施测时间以及量表可在研究或临床环境中施测的环境决定。关于较新量表（如阴性症状临床评估访谈量表（CAINS）和简明阴性症状量表（BNSS））的效用的文章相对较少，这些文章将它们与旧量表阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）、阳性症状评估量表（SAPS）、阴性症状评估量表（SANS）、阴性症状评估-16（NSA-16）和精神分裂症临床总体印象量表（CGI-SCH）进行比较。旧量表是30多年前开发的。从那时起，我们对阴性症状的理解有所发展，目前有更新的评定量表来评估阴性症状的效度。旧量表没有纳入关于阴性症状的最新研究。CAINS和BNSS因其信度以及简洁易懂的形式而具有吸引力，然而，一个更简单、易懂、用户友好、纳入精神分裂症多维模型、涉及心理社会和认知成分的量表尚未开发出来。
